Mechanisms, tolerances, and responses obtained under dynamic superior-inferior head impact.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bender M ; Culver RH ; Melvin JW
• Description:
  A study of spinal fractures produced by dynamic superior/inferior impacts to 11 cadavers is reported. The mechanism of cervical vertebrae fracturing appeared to be the compressive arching of the neck, placing loads on the spinous processes and connecting arches. Fracture production is not the best criterion for judging the severity of a neck or head injury, but provides a reasonable first step. For the test condition of this research, it was found that fractures of the cervical vertebrae of normal subjects began to occur for peak forces over 5.7 kilonewtons, peak impactor velocities over 7.5 meters per second, and initial impact pulse work values of 380 joules. Subjects with weak or abnormal structure can be expected to begin fracturing at approximately a peak force of 3.6 kilonewtons, a peak impactor velocity of 6.3 meters per second, and an initial impact pulse work value of 250 joules. Future research in this area should carefully define real world situation, control all confounding variables (particularly initial orientations), consider the role of ligaments and muscles, utilize a comprehensive head/neck injury scale, and investigate mechanisms using high speed cineradiography.
• Subjects:
  Accidents, Occupational Air Pollutants, Occupational Occupational Health Safety Ventilation
• Keywords:
  Accidents Biostatistics Head-protective-equipment Injuries Musculoskeletal-system-disorders; NIOSH-Publication Physiology Skeletal-system-disorders
• Document Type:
  Text
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Virginia ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-104
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00083463
• Citation:
  NIOSH 1978 May; :1-104
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1978
• NORA Priority Area:
  Low Back Disorders ; Disease and Injury ; Musculoskeletal System Disorders
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8cdece3976f92782d7267617a52119b4d70c04042b8bb5f4941ce499338aaac866f758865090f32638fca7e494d7025c1a09914238118ccc3211b0a7c8e2cbe3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/178896/cdc_178896_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 4.76 MB ]