Physical Intimate Partner Violence and Increased Partner Aggression During Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Public Health Rep
• Personal Author:
  D’Angelo, Denise V. ; Kapaya, Martha ; Swedo, Elizabeth A. ; Basile, Kathleen C. ; Agathis, Nickolas T. ; Zapata, Lauren B. ; Lee, Rosalyn D. ; Li, Qing ; Ruvalcaba, Yanet ; Meeker, Jessica R. ; Salvesen von Essen, Beatriz ; Clayton, Heather B. ; Warner, Lee
• Description:
  Objectives:
  
  Public health emergencies can elevate the risk for intimate partner violence (IPV). Our objectives were 2-fold: first, to assess the prevalence of physical IPV and increased aggression from a husband or partner that occurred during pregnancy and was perceived to be due to the COVID-19 pandemic; second, to examine associations between these experiences and (1) COVID-19–related stressors and (2) postpartum outcomes.
  
  Methods:
  
  We used data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System that were collected in 29 US jurisdictions among individuals with a live birth in 2020. We estimated the prevalence of violence during pregnancy by demographic characteristics and COVID-19–related stressors. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) to examine associations of physical IPV or increased aggression with COVID-19–related stressors, postpartum outcomes, and infant birth outcomes.
  
  Results:
  
  Among 14 154 respondents, 1.6% reported physical IPV during pregnancy, and 3.1% reported increased aggression by a husband or partner due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents experiencing any economic, housing, or childcare COVID-19–related stressors reported approximately twice the prevalence of both types of violence as compared with those without COVID-19–related stressors. Physical IPV and increased aggression were associated with a higher prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms (APRs, 1.73 and 2.28, respectively) and postpartum cigarette smoking (APRs, 1.74 and 2.19). Physical IPV was associated with a lower prevalence of attending postpartum care visits (APR, 1.84).
  
  Conclusions:
  
  Our findings support the need for ongoing efforts to prevent IPV during pregnancy and to ensure the availability of resources during public health emergencies.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aggression COVID-19 Female Humans Intimate Partner Violence Male Pandemics Pregnancy Prevalence Risk Assessment SARS-CoV-2 United States Young Adult

  More +
• Keywords:
  COVID-19 Pandemic Intimate Partner Violence PRAMS Pregnancy Stress
• Source:
  Public Health Rep. 140(1 Suppl):20S-31S
• Pubmed ID:
  39342451
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11556449
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  140
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4b936d6b0be098fd30b508f218096a36e81258be6b4704c7dcd0074c9bf4448505939e5a0b8b0e7a9ce950c075291b7a6eab4cd76caa4677aae8c47c0187b98f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/174792/cdc_174792_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 654.21 KB ]