T cell responses to B.1.1.529 (Omicron) SARS-CoV-2 variant induced by COVID-19 infection and/or mRNA vaccination are largely preserved

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Immunol
• Personal Author:
  Jergovic, Mladen ; Coplen, Christopher P. ; Uhrlaub, Jennifer L. ; Beitel, Shawn C. ; Burgess, Jefferey L. ; Lutrick, Karen ; Ellingson, Katherine D. ; Watanabe, Makiko ; Nikolich-Žugich, Janko
• Description:
  Several studies have demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 variant-of-concern B.1.1.529 (Omicron) exhibits a high degree of escape from Ab neutralization. Therefore, it is critical to determine how well the second line of adaptive immunity, T cell memory, performs against Omicron. To this purpose, we analyzed a human cohort (| = 327 subjects) of two- or three-dose mRNA vaccine recipients and COVID-19 postinfection subjects. We report that T cell responses against Omicron were largely preserved. IFN-γ-producing T cell responses remained equivalent to the response against the ancestral strain (WA1/2020), with some (∼20%) loss in IL-2 single or IL-2|IFN-γ| polyfunctional responses. Three-dose vaccinated participants had similar responses to Omicron relative to post-COVID-19 participants and exhibited responses significantly higher than those receiving two mRNA vaccine doses. These results provide further evidence that a three-dose vaccine regimen benefits the induction of optimal functional T cell immune memory.
• Subjects:
  Antibodies, Viral COVID-19 COVID-19 Vaccines Humans Immunity, Cellular Interleukin-2 MRNA Vaccines SARS-CoV-2 T-Lymphocytes Vaccination Vaccines, Synthetic

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• Keywords:
  Alzheimer's Disease Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project Antiviral Agents Herpes Simplex Human Papillomavirus Torque Teno Viruses Whole Exome Sequencing Whole Genome Sequencing
• Source:
  J Immunol. 208(11):2461-2465
• Pubmed ID:
  35562119
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9179171
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  75D30120C08379/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/ ; R37 AG020719/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  208
• Issue:
  11
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:37b4d38e9a5d545c23078ae5415fcc86afa3e61926089e78f35eaaa3161241617ff8a0ad554d65d9ee245aea08bd079af65bb522e447c3cb1814d69e9c8b2d7b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/162230/cdc_162230_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.34 MB ]