Unique influences of pregnancy and anticipated parenting on cigarette smoking: results and implications of a within-person, between-pregnancy study

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Arch Womens Ment Health
• Personal Author:
  Level, Rachel A. ; Zhang, Yingzhe ; Tiemeier, Henning ; Estabrook, Ryne ; Shaw, Daniel S. ; Leve, Leslie D. ; Wakschlag, Lauren S. ; Reiss, David ; Neiderhiser, Jenae M. ; Massey, Suena H.
• Description:
  Not all pregnant individuals want to become parents and "parenting intention" can also vary within individuals during different pregnancies. Nevertheless, the potential impact of parenting intention on health-related behavior during pregnancy has been heavily underexplored. In this study, we employed a within-person between pregnancy design to estimate the effect of parenting-specific influences on smoking, separate from pregnancy-specific and individual-level influences. We quantified within-mother differences in smoking during pregnancies of infants they reared (n = 84) versus pregnancies of infants they placed for adoption at birth (n = 65) using multivariate mixed-effects Poisson regression models. Mean cigarettes/day declined as the pregnancy progressed regardless of whether infants were reared or placed. However, participants smoked fewer cigarettes/day during reared pregnancies. Relative to "adopted" pregnancies, smoking during "reared" pregnancies was lower by 24%, 41%, and 54% in first (95% CI 0.64-0.90; p = 0.001), second (95% CI 0.48-0.72; p < 0.001), and third trimesters (95% CI 0.36-0.59; p < 0.001), respectively, independent of between-pregnancy differences in maternal age, fetal sex, parity, and pregnancy complications. Female sex and nulliparity were protective. Parenting intention was associated with a protective effect on pregnancy smoking independent of pregnancy-specific influences and individual characteristics. Failure to consider the impact of parenting intention on health-related behavior during pregnancy could perpetuate an unrealistic expectation to "do what's best for the baby" and stigmatize women with unintended or unwanted pregnancies.
• Subjects:
  Cigarette Smoking Female Humans Infant, Newborn Maternal Age Mothers Parenting Parity Pregnancy
• Keywords:
  Nicotine Pregnancy Smoking Protective Factors Substance Use Tobacco
• Source:
  Arch Womens Ment Health. 27(2):301-308
• Pubmed ID:
  37994923
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11302987
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  R01 HD042608/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 DA020585/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UH3 OD023389/OD/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH092118/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UG3 OD023389/OD/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 DA050700/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UH3 OD023389/CD/ODCDC CDC HHSUnited States/ ; R01 DA035062/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  27
• Issue:
  2
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0328e8e3a193f29848f46dd5e5e715d29c23a82a78f142104768faf91dd838d5d12353d2a4778344f404781fa1e4f81a2ee16bb6fb8b68272797545240f7cb94
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/159611/cdc_159611_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 634.49 KB ]