Relationship Between Ultra- and Minimally-Processed Food Intake and Cardiovascular Health Among US Women of Reproductive Age

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Womens Health (Larchmt)
• Personal Author:
  Zhang, Zefeng ; Jackson, Sandra L. ; Steele, Euridice Martinez ; Hayes, Donald K. ; Yang, Quanhe
• Description:
  Objectives:
  
  Ultra-processed food (UPF) intake is associated with worse cardiovascular health (CVH), but associations between unprocessed/minimally-processed foods (MPFs) and CVH are limited, especially among women of reproductive age (WRA).
  
  Methods:
  
  For 5773 WRA (20–44 years) in NHANES 2007–2018, we identified UPFs and MPFs using the Nova classification and based on 24-hour dietary recalls. We calculated usual percentages of calories from UPFs and MPFs using the National Cancer Institute’s usual intake method. Seven CVH metrics were scored, and CVH levels were grouped by tertile. We used multivariable linear and multinomial logistic regression to assess associations between UPFs and MPFs and CVH.
  
  Results:
  
  The average usual percentage of calories from UPFs and MPFs was 57.2% and 29.3%, respectively. There was a graded, positive association between higher UPFs intake and higher odds of poor CVH: adjusted odds ratios for the lowest vs highest CVH were 1.74 (95% CI: 1.51–2.01), 2.67 (2.07–3.44) and 4.66 (3.13–6.97), respectively, comparing quartile 2 (Q2)–Q4 to the lowest quartile (Q1) of UPF intake. Higher MPFs intake was associated with lower odds of poor CVH: adjusted odds ratios for the lowest CVH were 0.61 (0.54–0.69), 0.39 (0.31–0.50), and 0.21 (0.14–0.31). Patterns of association remained consistent across subgroups and in sensitivity analyses.
  
  Conclusions:
  
  Higher UPF intake was associated with worse CVH, while higher MPF intake was associated with better CVH among WRA in the United States. Our analyses highlight an opportunity for WRA to improve nutrition and their CVH.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Cardiovascular Diseases Cross-Sectional Studies Diet Energy Intake Fast Foods Female Food, Processed Food Handling Humans Nutrition Surveys United States Young Adult

  More +
• Keywords:
  NHANES Odds Ratio Ultra-processed Foods Unprocessed/Minimally-processed Foods Usual Percentage Of Calories Women Of Reproductive Age
• Source:
  J Womens Health (Larchmt). 33(5):613-623
• Pubmed ID:
  38386796
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11289851
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  33
• Issue:
  5
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3572d4c9586419852e6d53c00f23fe3980163a237076ba6f86fea67ef2950129b147db0512b204cf5a2ea44923a9fb659bca882055a7712f42f0d57572d667d7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/159508/cdc_159508_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.05 MB ]