Detection of coxsackievirus A6 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin biopsy specimens using immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Clin Virol Plus
• Personal Author:
  Denison, Amy M. ; Bhatnagar, Julu ; Jahan-Tigh, Richard R. ; Fair, Pamela ; Hale, Gillian L.
• Description:
  Background: ; Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), classically a childhood viral infection, has an atypical and severe clinical presentation in adults. Coxsackievirus A6 is a leading cause of atypical HFMD, but current diagnostic methods utilizing formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin biopsy specimens often lack sensitivity and specificity. ; Methods: ; Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin biopsies from seven case patients with clinical and histopathological suspicion of atypical HFMD were evaluated by coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) immunohistochemistry, enterovirus-specific conventional reverse transcriptase-PCR with subsequent Sanger sequencing targeting the 5’UTR, and CVA6-specific real-time PCR targeting the VP1 gene. ; Results: ; The CVA6-specific antibody demonstrated appropriate antigen distribution and staining intensity in keratinocytes in all cases. Conventional RT-PCR and sequencing also detected the presence of enterovirus, and CVA6-specific real-time RT-PCR analysis identified CVA6. ; Conclusion: ; Applying these immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, CVA6 was determined to be the causative infectious agent in seven cases of atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease.
• Keywords:
  • Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)
  • Atypical HFMD
  • Formalin-fixed
  • Paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue
  • Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) real-time
  • reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain
  • reaction (rRT-PCR)
  • Enterovirus
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
• Source:
  J Clin Virol Plus. 1(1-2)
• Pubmed ID:
  38481773
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10936323
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  1
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/151701/cdc_151701_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 710.32 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:9f049e056e96dcbd43726a934c124e9d0602acfe3214c5400298de461c17ac51