Using Randomized Controlled Trials to Estimate the Effect of Community Interventions for Childhood Asthma

Details

• Journal Article:
  Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD)
• Personal Author:
  Flanders, W. Dana ; Nurmagambetov, Tursynbek A. ; Cornwell, Cheryl R. ; Kosinski, Andrzej S. ; Sircar, Kanta
• Description:
  Introduction ; The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Controlling Childhood Asthma and Reducing Emergencies initiative aims to prevent 500,000 emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations within 5 years among children with asthma through implementation of evidence-based interventions and policies. Methods are needed for calculating the anticipated effects of planned asthma programs and the estimated effects of existing asthma programs. We describe and illustrate a method of using results from randomized control trials (RCTs) to estimate changes in rates of adverse asthma events (AAEs) that result from expanding access to asthma interventions. ; Methods ; We use counterfactual arguments to justify a formula for the expected number of AAEs prevented by a given intervention. This formula employs a current rate of AAEs, a measure of the increase in access to the intervention, and the rate ratio estimated in an RCT. ; Results ; We justified a formula for estimating the effect of expanding access to asthma interventions. For example, if 20% of patients with asthma in a community with 20,540 annual asthma-related ED visits were offered asthma self-management education, ED visits would decrease by an estimated 1,643; and annual hospitalizations would decrease from 2,639 to 617. ; Conclusion ; Our method draws on the best available evidence from RCTs to estimate effects on rates of AAEs in the community of interest that result from expanding access to asthma interventions.
• Subjects:
  • Humans
  • Child
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Asthma
  • Emergency Service, Hospital
  • Hospitalization
• Source:
  Prev Chronic Dis. 2023; 20
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd20.220351
• ISSN:
  1545-1151
• Pubmed ID:
  37262329
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10240932
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  20
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/151013/cdc_151013_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 623.01 KB]
• Collection(s):
  Preventing Chronic Disease
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:27179f8dca6a355b243f63637d6490b312d313228598d4ed4f2c5dfcc92f13971fe61de236230245602953aca55a96a908afde982d8c089a7471d169ce221e5c