HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: Cases of HIV Infections and AIDS in the United States, 2004

Details

• Alternative Title:
  HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report; Vol. 16: Cases of HIV Infections and AIDS in the United States, 2004
• Personal Author:
  Brzuskiewicz, Janet ; Campsmith, Michael ; Frey, Robert ; Glynn, Kate ; Hu, Xiaohong ; Hughes, Denise ; Lee, Lisa M. ; Li, Jianmin ; McGhee, Katrina ; McKenna, Matthew ; Satcher Johnson, Anna ; Stockton, Lynne
• Corporate Authors:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ; National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch
• Description:
  Commentary: To better monitor the patterns of HIV diagnoses, all states have implemented HIV surveillance. This report presents estimated numbers of cases of HIV/ AIDS from the 35 areas (33 states, Guam, and the
  
  U.S. Virgin Islands) with integrated HIV and AIDS surveillance since at least 2000. Two of these areas began integrated surveillance in 2000: Guam and New York. New York is the state with the highest reported percentage (18%) of cumulative national AIDS cases, and inclusion of their integrated data resulted in large numeric increases in the estimated number of HIV/ AIDS cases compared to previous HIV/AIDS surveillance reports. From 2001 through 2004, the total number of new cases of HIV/AIDS in the 35 areas decreased slightly; however, HIV/AIDS prevalence (i.e., the number of persons living with HIV/AIDS) increased during this time: at the end of 2004, an estimated 462,792 persons in the 35 areas were diagnosed and living with HIV/AIDS. According to the number of reported AIDS cases, these 35 areas represent approximately 61% of the epidemic in the United States. The map on the cover depicts the estimated number of cases of HIV/AIDS in 2004, by area of residence at diagnosis, for persons residing in the 33 states with integrated HIV and AIDS surveillance.
  
  Surveillance data on HIV infections provide a more complete picture of the epidemic and the need for prevention and care services than does the picture provided by AIDS data alone. However, the number of new HIV diagnoses does not necessarily reflect trends in HIV incidence (i.e., new infections) because some newly diagnosed persons were infected recently while others were infected some time in the past. One method for estimating HIV incidence is to apply the serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion (STARHS) to the serum specimens from which new HIV diagnoses were made. A total of 34 areas are using this method to estimate population-based HIV incidence: 5 areas were funded in FY 2002 to pilot this method, 19 areas were funded in FY 2003, another 9 areas were funded in FY 2004 and one additional area was funded in FY 2005. The monitoring of HIV incidence will be critical in evaluating progress toward CDC’s HIV Prevention Strategic Plan goal of reducing the number of new HIV infections in the United States from 40,000 to 20,000 per year, to allocate resources and evaluate prevention program effectiveness.
  
  In 2002, CDC initiated the Interstate Duplication Evaluation Project (IDEP), a formal evaluation comparing HIV/AIDS records in the national database across states in order to identify potential duplicate cases. Current IDEP de-duplication efforts were completed in December 2004, and approximately 40,000 HIV/AIDS cases were found to be duplicates (representing less than 5% of almost 1 million cases that have been reported to CDC over the course of the epidemic); these duplicate cases have been removed from the national surveillance database and from individual state surveillance databases. As a result of this correction there may be minor reductions in reported cases displayed in this surveillance report compared to the previous HIV/ AIDS surveillance report.
  
  The 2004 HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report presents data on cases of HIV/AIDS. For analyses of HIV/AIDS data, we used data from 35 areas (i.e., 33 states, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands) with mature HIV reporting systems (i.e., HIV reporting at least since 2000) to allow for stabilization of data collection and for adjustment of the data in order to monitor trends. Tables 1, 2, 8, and 9 summarize cases and prevalence of HIV/AIDS. For analyses of AIDS cases, we used data from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, U.S. dependencies, possessions, and associated nations.
  
  This report is organized in 5 sections: (1) cases of HIV/AIDS and AIDS, (2) deaths of persons with AIDS, (3) persons living with HIV/AIDS, AIDS, or HIV infection (not AIDS), (4) length of survival after AIDS diagnosis, and (5) reports of cases of AIDS, HIV infection (not AIDS), and HIV/AIDS. In Sections 1–3, we present point estimates of case counts that have been adjusted for reporting delays and for redistribution of cases in persons initially reported without an identified risk factor. CDC routinely adjusts data for the presentation of trends in the epidemic. Data to estimate the number of cases of HIV/AIDS or AIDS; the number of persons living with HIV/AIDS, AIDS, or HIV infection (not AIDS); and the number of deaths among persons with AIDS have been statistically adjusted to correct for delays in the reporting of cases and deaths. To assess trends in cases, deaths, or prevalence, it is preferable to use adjusted data, presented by year of diagnosis instead of year of report, to eliminate artifacts of reporting in the surveillance system. Therefore, for trends, the reader is encouraged to use the tables in Sections 1–3 that present trends by year of diagnosis, year of death, or year-end prevalence. Section 4 presents estimates of survival for persons whose AIDS diagnosis was made during 2000 (Table 13) and for persons whose diagnosis was made during 1996– 2003 (Figures 2–4). Proportions of persons who survived for various lengths of time after diagnosis are presented by year of diagnosis, age group, race/ ethnicity, and HIV transmission category. Finally, Section 5 presents reports of cases of HIV infection (not AIDS) and cases of AIDS reported through 2004. The areas included in tabulations of reported cases of HIV infection (not AIDS) are based on the date that confidential name-based HIV infection reporting was implemented. For Tables 16, 18, 20, and 22, we used data from 42 areas to describe reports of HIV infection. These data have not been adjusted for delays in reporting and are presented by year of report to CDC. Tables that present cases by year of report represent the most up-to-date information reported to CDC; however, cases by year of report do not represent incident cases, the most recent diagnoses, trends, or deaths.
  
  
• Content Notes:
  Publication date approximated.
• Subjects:
  Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Epidemiology Data Interpretation, Statistical Epidemics Epidemiological Monitoring HIV Public Health Surveillance Statistics Tables
• Keywords:
  DHP_HIV_Reports
• Series:
  HIV Surveillance Report
• Subseries:
  HIVSR
• Publisher:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.)
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Statistics ; Report
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Rights:
  Public Domain
• CIO:
  National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP)
• Division:
  DHPSE - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology
• Topic:
  Diseases & Conditions
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  46 pdf pages
• Volume:
  16
• Citation:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2004. Vol. 16. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2005:[inclusive page numbers]. Also available at: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/hasrlink.htm.
• Collection(s):
  Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:911122ea36d40affc51b7c6a4ce2375c69aa15876364f972abe154a8b8496571fba77349767d4cf66cc4dc23d8b41f9211248084f8ee369639b434368e3828c7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/149084/cdc_149084_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.03 MB ]