HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 2001

Details

• Alternative Title:
  HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report; Year-end Edition, Vol. 13, No. 2: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 2001
• Corporate Authors:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ; National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch
• Description:
  Commentary: At the end of 2001, an estimated total of 362,827 persons in the United States were living with AIDS (Table 28). Since the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became widespread during 1996, trends in AIDS incidence have become less reflective of underlying trends in HIV transmission. However, because HIV surveillance data have not been available nationwide, AIDS surveillance data have been and continue to be used for formula-based distribution of federal funds for prevention and care. An Institute of Medicine (IOM) committee is assessing the adequacy and reliability of HIV surveillance data for use as the basis for distributing Ryan White CARE Act funding. For more information on the progress of the IOM committee or to provide feedback to the committee, please visit http://www.iom.edu and search current projects.
  
  To better monitor patterns of HIV diagnosis, most States have implemented HIV surveillance. New York implemented confidential HIV infection case surveillance in June 2000, and this issue marks the first time that HIV diagnoses from New York have been included in the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report. For more information about HIV reporting in New York, visit http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/aids/index. htm. The HIV surveillance system in many states allows the reporting of previously diagnosed cases. A large number of HIV case reports were received during the initial implementation period in these states. However, once most of the previously diagnosed cases had been reported, the number of cases reported in later reporting periods decreased, better reflecting newly diagnosed cases. Newly reported HIV diagnoses do not necessarily reflect HIV incidence (i.e., new infections). One method for estimating HIV incidence is to apply the Serologic Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) to serologic specimens from new HIV diagnoses. Five states were funded in 2002 to conduct pilot studies of this method. The monitoring of HIV incidence will be critical in evaluating progress toward CDC’s goal of reducing the number of new HIV infections in the United States from an estimated 40,000 to 20,000 per year by the year 2005, the goal of CDC’s HIV Prevention Strategic Plan.
  
  The map on the cover depicts the number of persons living with AIDS, by residence at the time of diagnosis. For areas with integrated HIV and AIDS surveillance, the number of persons living with HIV and the number of those living with AIDS are shown. Surveillance data on all HIV diagnoses provide a more complete picture of the epidemic and the need for prevention and care services than that provided by AIDS data alone.
  
  HIV/AIDS surveillance data are used by CDC's public health partners and professionals in other federal agencies, health departments, nonprofit organizations, and academic institutions. Recognizing the changing needs for data, CDC is committed to presenting the data that will best meet those needs. We plan to continue publishing the year-end edition of this report, but to respond more efficiently to an increasing number and variety of demands, and to produce more HIV/AIDS Surveillance Supplemental Reports, the mid-year edition of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report will be discontinued. We hope to meet the needs of as many users as possible and will welcome your suggestions.
  
  Highlights of findings: In 1996, sharp declines in AIDS incidence occurred for the first time; from 1998 through 1999, declines in AIDS incidence began to level, and essentially no change occurred from 1999 (41,165) through 2001 (41,311): • By region, from 1996 through 2001, AIDS incidence declined in the West; declined and then leveled in the Northeast, Midwest, and U.S. territories; and declined and then increased in the South (Table 25); • By race/ethnicity, from 1996 through 2001, AIDS incidence declined sharply and then slowed among whites; declined more slowly and then slightly increased among blacks, Hispanics, and Asian/Pacific Islanders; and increased (from 154 in 1998 to 184 in 2001) among American Indian/ Alaska Natives (Table 26); and, • By risk, AIDS incidence declined sharply and then leveled among men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who have sex with men and inject drugs (MSM/IDUs); incidence continued to decline among injection drug users (IDUs). Among persons exposed through heterosexual contact, incidence declined slowly from 1996 through 1998 but seems to have increased through 2001 (Table 30).
  
  From 1996 through 1997, the number of deaths among persons with AIDS declined sharply and continued to decline each year through 2001: • By region, the number of deaths declined in the Northeast, West, South; the number declined and then leveled in the Midwest and declined and then slightly increased in U.S. territories (Table 31); • By race/ethnicity, the number of deaths of persons with AIDS declined in all racial/ethnic groups (Table 32), except American Indian/Alaska Natives; and, • By sex and risk, the number of deaths declined among MSM, male and female IDUs, and MSM/ IDUs. Among men and women with AIDS attributed to heterosexual contact, the number of deaths declined from 1996 through 1998 and then leveled (Table 33).
  
  AIDS prevalence has increased steadily over time: at the end of December 2001, approximately 362,827 persons in the United States were living with AIDS. Through December 2001, 807,075 adult/adolescents had been reported as having AIDS; of these, 462,653 (57%) had died: • By region, 39% of the persons living with AIDS lived in the South, 29% in the Northeast, 19% in the West, 10% in the Midwest, and 3% in U.S. territories (Table 28); • Of persons living with AIDS, 42% were black, 37% were white, 20% were Hispanic, 1% were Asian/Pacific Islander, and <1% were American Indian/Alaska Native (Table 29); • Of the 282,250 adult and adolescent (>13 years of age) men with AIDS, 57% were MSM, 24% were IDUs, 9% were exposed through heterosexual contact, and 8% were MSM/IDUs. Of the 76,696 adult and adolescent women with AIDS, 59% were exposed through heterosexual contact, and 38% were exposed through injection drug use (Table 30).
  
  Through December 2001, a total of 9,074 children (<13 years of age) had been reported as having AIDS; of these, 5,257 (58%) had died: •During 2001, 175 new cases of AIDS in children were reported (Table 5). Of these, 150 (86%) were attributed to perinatal exposure.
  
  The addition of New York HIV data substantially affected the number and characteristics of the HIV cases described in this report: • From June 2000 through December 2001, New York reported a total of 20,770 HIV (not AIDS) cases, which represent 12% of all cases of HIV (not AIDS) reported to CDC. During 2001, New York reported 13,403 HIV (not AIDS) cases, which represents 38% of all cases reported from areas reporting during that year; and, • The number of reports of pediatric HIV (not AIDS) cases increased dramatically from 224 cases in children younger than age 13 reported during 2000 to 543 cases during 2001. The cumulative total nearly doubled from 2,134 HIV (not AIDS) cases reported through 2000 to 3,923 HIV (not AIDS) cases reported through the end of 2001.
  
  Note that not all HIV cases reported in 2001 reflected new diagnoses; rather, the HIV cases reported include cases diagnosed during earlier years.
  
  
• Content Notes:
  Publication date approximated.
• Subjects:
  Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Epidemiology Data Interpretation, Statistical Epidemics Epidemiological Monitoring HIV Public Health Surveillance Statistics Tables
• Keywords:
  DHP_HIV_Reports
• Series:
  HIV Surveillance Report
• Subseries:
  HIVSR
• Publisher:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.)
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Statistics ; Report
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Rights:
  Public Domain
• CIO:
  National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP)
• Division:
  DHPSE - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology
• Topic:
  Diseases & Conditions
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  44 pdf pages
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  2
• Citation:
  Suggested Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2001;13(No. 2):[inclusive page numbers].
• Collection(s):
  Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f4201468a23effc68c97684c625df2b3793a00e95624bbc8727243045934f4b3a853d77c8a06c6c9924d537064ae1c49dd5010064336b982dfdf92d825bb2a89
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/149079/cdc_149079_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.46 MB ]