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Amebic encephalitis and meningoencephalitis: an update on epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment

Supporting Files
File Language:
English


Details

  • Alternative Title:
    Curr Opin Infect Dis
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Purpose of review

    Free-living amebae (FLA) including Naegleria fowleri, Balamuthia mandrillaris, and Acanthamoeba species can cause rare, yet severe infections that are nearly always fatal. This review describes recent developments in epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of amebic meningoencephalitis.

    Recent findings

    Despite similarities among the three pathogenic FLA, there are notable variations in disease presentations, routes of transmission, populations at risk, and outcomes for each. Recently, molecular diagnostic tools have been used to diagnose a greater number of FLA infections. Treatment regimens for FLA have historically relied on survivor reports; more data is needed about novel treatments, including nitroxoline.

    Summary

    Research to identify new drugs and guide treatment regimens for amebic meningoencephalitis is lacking. However, improved diagnostic capabilities may lead to earlier diagnoses, allowing earlier treatment initiation and improved outcomes. Public health practitioners should continue to prioritize increasing awareness and providing education to clinicians, laboratorians, and the public about amebic infections.

  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • Source:
    Curr Opin Infect Dis. 36(3):186-191
  • Pubmed ID:
    37093056
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMC10798061
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Funding:
    CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
  • Volume:
    36
  • Issue:
    3
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha256:0ab972cc6a9073f32e21c6732439cb55facaa1dc9a2aa30bae6f92be3c301286
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 314.51 KB ]

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