Co-involvement of Opioids in Drug Overdose Deaths Involving Cocaine and Psychostimulants, 2011–2021
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Co-involvement of Opioids in Drug Overdose Deaths Involving Cocaine and Psychostimulants, 2011–2021

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  • Personal Author:
  • Corporate Authors:
    National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.)
  • Description:
    Drug overdose deaths involving cocaine and psychostimulants with abuse potential (that is, drugs such as methamphetamine, amphetamine, and methylphenidate) have risen in the past several years (1–4). A recent report highlighted that drug overdose deaths involving cocaine rose 22% and drug overdose deaths involving psychostimulants rose 33% from 2020 through 2021 (1). By the end of 2021, the report counted 24,486 drug overdose deaths involving cocaine and 32,537 drug overdose deaths involving psychostimulants (1,5). This report presents trends from 2011 through 2021 in death rates involving cocaine and psychostimulants, with and without opioid co-involvement, and by U.S. Census region in 2021.

    Key findings: Data from the National Vital Statistics System

    ● From 2011 through 2021, the age-adjusted rate of overdose deaths involving both cocaine and opioids increased more quickly than the rate of overdose deaths involving cocaine alone.

    ● In 2021, 78.6% of overdose deaths involving cocaine also involved an opioid, with the percentage varying by Census region, from 73.4% in the West to 84.5% in the Northeast.

    ● From 2011 through 2016, the rates of overdose deaths involving psychostimulants without opioid involvement were higher than those involving both drugs, but from 2017 through 2021, rates involving both psychostimulants and opioids were higher.

    ● In 2021, 65.7% of overdose deaths involving psychostimulants also involved an opioid, with the percentage varying by region, from 57.5% in the West to 80.6% in the Northeast.

    Suggested citation Spencer MR, Miniño AM, Garnett MF. Co-involvement of opioids in drug overdose deaths involving cocaine and psychostimulants, 2011–2021. NCHS Data Brief, no 474. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2023. DOI: https:// dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:129733.

    CS340961

  • Subjects:
  • Series:
    NCHS data brief ; no 474
  • Document Type:
    Journal Issue
  • Name as Subject:
    National Vital Statistics System (U.S.)
  • Genre:
    Statistics
  • Place as Subject:
    United States
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