Prevalences of and characteristics associated with single- and polydrug-involved U.S. Emergency Department Visits in 2018
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Prevalences of and characteristics associated with single- and polydrug-involved U.S. Emergency Department Visits in 2018

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  • English
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    Details:

    • Alternative Title:
      Addict Behav
    • Personal Author:
    • Description:
      Introduction:

      Nonfatal and fatal drug overdoses have recently increased. There are limited data describing the range of illicit, prescribed, and over-the-counter drugs involved in overdoses presenting to U.S. emergency departments (EDs).

      Methods:

      Using 2018 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide ED Sample (NEDS) data, we calculated weighted counts and percentages by drug among overdose-related ED visits. Overdose-related ED visits were those having an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) drug poisoning code falling under parent codes T36-T50 (codes involving alcohol were not explicitly queried). We identified the top 30 mutually exclusive polydrug combinations and compared characteristics of visits by polydrug status.

      Results:

      In 2018, 908,234 ED visits had a T36-T50 drug poisoning code. The most frequently reported drugs involved were opioids (30.3% of visits; heroin: 15.2%), benzodiazepines (11.0%), stimulants (7.9%), other/unspecified antidepressants (7.1%), 4-aminophenol derivatives (6.6%), and other/unspecified drugs, medicaments, and biological substances (11.8%). Overdose was uncommon for most other drug classes (e.g., antibiotics). Polydrug visits were more likely to involve females (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.16), be coded intentional self-harm (PR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.77–1.85), and result in hospitalization (PR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.79–1.89) or death (PR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.22–1.53) compared to single-drug overdose-related visits. Benzodiazepines, opioids, and/or stimulants were most frequently involved in polydrug overdoses.

      Conclusion:

      Opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants were most commonly reported in both single-drug and polydrug overdose-involved ED visits. Other drugs involved in overdoses included antidepressants and 4-aminophenol derivatives. Jurisdictions can use data on drugs involved in overdoses to better tailor prevention strategies to emerging needs.

    • Subjects:
    • Source:
      Addict Behav. 125:107158
    • Pubmed ID:
      34717272
    • Pubmed Central ID:
      PMC9559594
    • Document Type:
      Journal Article
    • Funding:
      CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
    • Place as Subject:
      United States
    • Collection(s):
    • Main Document Checksum:
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    • File Type:

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