Effectiveness of 2, 3, and 4 COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Doses Among Immunocompetent Adults During Periods when SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2/BA.2.12.1 Sublineages Predominated — VISION Network, 10 States, December 2021–June 2022

Details

• Journal Article:
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Personal Author:
  Link-Gelles, Ruth ; Levy, Matthew E. ; Gaglani, Manjusha ; Irving, Stephanie A. ; Stockwell, Melissa ; Dascomb, Kristin ; DeSilva, Malini B. ; Reese, Sarah E. ; Liao, I-Chia ; Ong, Toan C. ; Grannis, Shaun J. ; McEvoy, Charlene ; Patel, Palak ; Klein, Nicola P. ; Hartmann, Emily ; Stenehjem, Edward ; Natarajan, Karthik ; Naleway, Allison L. ; Murthy, Kempapura ; Rao, Suchitra ; Dixon, Brian E. ; Kharbanda, Anupam B. ; Akinseye, Akintunde ; Dickerson, Monica ; Lewis, Ned ; Grisel, Nancy ; Han, Jungmi ; Barron, Michelle A. ; Fadel, William F. ; Dunne, Margaret M. ; Goddard, Kristin ; Arndorfer, Julie ; Konatham, Deepika ; Valvi, Nimish R. ; Currey, J. C. ; Fireman, Bruce ; Raiyani, Chandni ; Zerbo, Ousseny ; Sloan-Aagard, Chantel ; Ball, Sarah W. ; Thompson, Mark G. ; Tenforde, Mark W.
• Description:
  The Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, was first identified in the United States in November 2021, with the BA.1 sublineage (including BA.1.1) causing the largest surge in COVID-19 cases to date. Omicron sublineages BA.2 and BA.2.12.1 emerged later and by late April 2022, accounted for most cases.* Estimates of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) can be reduced by newly emerging variants or sublineages that evade vaccine-induced immunity (1), protection from previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated persons (2), or increasing time since vaccination (3). Real-world data comparing VE during the periods when the BA.1 and BA.2/BA.2.12.1 predominated (BA.1 period and BA.2/BA.2.12.1 period, respectively) are limited. The VISION network| examined 214,487 emergency department/urgent care (ED/UC) visits and 58,782 hospitalizations with a COVID-19-like illness| diagnosis among 10 states during December 18, 2021-June 10, 2022, to evaluate VE of 2, 3, and 4 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] or mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) compared with no vaccination among adults without immunocompromising conditions. VE against COVID-19-associated hospitalization 7-119 days and ≥120 days after receipt of dose 3 was 92% (95% CI = 91%-93%) and 85% (95% CI = 81%-89%), respectively, during the BA.1 period, compared with 69% (95% CI = 58%-76%) and 52% (95% CI = 44%-59%), respectively, during the BA.2/BA.2.12.1 period. Patterns were similar for ED/UC encounters. Among adults aged ≥50 years, VE against COVID-19-associated hospitalization ≥120 days after receipt of dose 3 was 55% (95% CI = 46%-62%) and ≥7 days (median = 27 days) after a fourth dose was 80% (95% CI = 71%-85%) during BA.2/BA.2.12.1 predominance. Immunocompetent persons should receive recommended COVID-19 booster doses to prevent moderate to severe COVID-19, including a first booster dose for all eligible persons and second booster dose for adults aged ≥50 years at least 4 months after an initial booster dose. Booster doses should be obtained immediately when persons become eligible.|.
• Subjects:
  Adult BNT162 Vaccine COVID-19 COVID-19 Vaccines Humans Influenza, Human Influenza Vaccines MRNA Vaccines SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines, Synthetic
• Source:
  MMWR Morbidity Mortal Weekly Rep. 71(29):931-939
• Series:
  Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7129e1
• ISSN:
  0149-2195 (print) ; 1545-861X (digital)
• Pubmed ID:
  35862287
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9310634
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Pages in Document:
  9 pdf pages
• Volume:
  71
• Issue:
  29
• Collection(s):
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:cea71e1feaec63c2b922b5b35cfdc642e206900d33e07f4160e6c56b71f46a6ba9a8f73faebf3ad77b1917e66e6a07fa8a3dbf5809a79aa13c68f7f54908857c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/119954/cdc_119954_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 221.72 KB ]