Vaccine Effectiveness during Outbreak of COVID-19 Alpha (B.1.1.7) Variant in Men’s Correctional Facility, United States

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Silverman, Rachel A. ; Ceci, Alessandro ; Cohen, Alasdair ; Helmick, Meagan ; Short, Erica ; Bordwine, Paige ; Friedlander, Michael J. ; Finkielstein, Carla V.
• Description:
  In April 2021, a COVID-19 outbreak occurred at a correctional facility in rural Virginia, USA. Eighty-four infections were identified among 854 incarcerated persons by facilitywide testing with reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). We used whole-genome sequencing to link all infections to 2 employees infected with the B.1.1.7α (UK) variant. The relative risk comparing unvaccinated to fully vaccinated persons (mRNA-1273 Moderna, https://www.modernatx.com) was 7.8 (95% CI 4.8-12.7), corresponding to a vaccine effectiveness of 87.1% (95% CI 79.0%-92.1%). Average qRT-PCR cycle threshold values were lower, suggesting higher viral loads, among unvaccinated infected than vaccinated cases for the nucleocapsid, envelope, and spike genes. Vaccination was highly effective at preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in this high-risk setting. This approach can be applied to similar settings to estimate vaccine effectiveness as variants emerge to guide public health strategies during the ongoing pandemic.
• Subjects:
  • Correctional Facilities
  • Covid-19
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Sars-Cov-2
  • Vaccine Efficacy
• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 2022; 28(7):1321-1326
• Pubmed ID:
  35731137
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC9239860
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Volume:
  28
• Issue:
  7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/118928/cdc_118928_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 548.71 KB]
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:fc06ce929488e02bad4be4a488aa89de616aed23fbe1411f77b904f0e3631ad6