Effectiveness of mRNA Vaccination in Preventing COVID-19–Associated Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Death — United States, March 2021–January 2022

Details

• Journal Article:
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Personal Author:
  Tenforde, Mark W. ; Self, Wesley H. ; Gaglani, Manjusha ; Ginde, Adit A. ; Douin, David J. ; Talbot, H. Keipp ; Casey, Jonathan D. ; Mohr, Nicholas M. ; Zepeski, Anne ; McNeal, Tresa ; Ghamande, Shekhar ; Gibbs, Kevin W. ; Files, D. Clark ; Hager, David N. ; Shehu, Arber ; Prekker, Matthew E. ; Frosch, Anne E. ; Gong, Michelle N. ; Mohamed, Amira ; Johnson, Nicholas J. ; Srinivasan, Vasisht ; Steingrub, Jay S. ; Peltan, Ithan D. ; Brown, Samuel M. ; Martin, Emily T. ; Monto, Arnold S. ; Khan, Akram ; Hough, Catherine L. ; Busse, Laurence W. ; Duggal, Abhijit ; Wilson, Jennifer G. ; Qadir, Nida ; Chang, Steven Y. ; Mallow, Christopher ; Rivas, Carolina ; Babcock, Hilary M. ; Kwon, Jennie H. ; Exline, Matthew C. ; Botros, Mena ; Lauring, Adam S. ; Shapiro, Nathan I. ; Halasa, Natasha ; Chappell, James D. ; Grijalva, Carlos G. ; Rice, Todd W. ; Jones, Ian D. ; Stubblefield, William B. ; Baughman, Adrienne ; Womack, Kelsey N. ; Rhoads, Jillian P. ; Lindsell, Christopher J. ; Hart, Kimberly W. ; Zhu, Yuwei ; Adams, Katherine ; Surie, Diya ; McMorrow, Meredith L. ; Patel, Manish M.
• Corporate Authors:
  IVY Network
• Description:
  COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] and mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) are effective at preventing COVID-19-associated hospitalization (1-3). However, how well mRNA vaccines protect against the most severe outcomes of these hospitalizations, including invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or death is uncertain. Using a case-control design, mRNA vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-associated IMV and in-hospital death was evaluated among adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized at 21 U.S. medical centers during March 11, 2021-January 24, 2022. During this period, the most commonly circulating Variantss of SARS-CoV-2, the Virus that causes COVID-19, were B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and B.1.1.529 (Omicron). Previous vaccination (2 or 3 versus 0 vaccine doses before illness onset) in prospectively enrolled COVID-19 case-patients who received IMV or died within 28 days of hospitalization was compared with that among hospitalized control patients without COVID-19. Among 1,440 COVID-19 case-patients who received IMV or died, 307 (21%) had received 2 or 3 vaccine doses before illness onset. Among 6,104 control-patients, 4,020 (66%) had received 2 or 3 vaccine doses. Among the 1,440 case-patients who received IMV or died, those who were vaccinated were older (median age = 69 years), more likely to be immunocompromised* (40%), and had more chronic medical conditions compared with unvaccinated case-patients (median age = 55 years; immunocompromised = 10%; p<0.001 for both). VE against IMV or in-hospital death was 90% (95% CI = 88%-91%) overall, including 88% (95% CI = 86%-90%) for 2 doses and 94% (95% CI = 91%-96%) for 3 doses, and 94% (95% CI = 88%-97%) for 3 doses during the Omicron-predominant period. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are highly effective in preventing COVID-19-associated death and respiratory failure treated with IMV. CDC recommends that all persons eligible for vaccination get vaccinated and stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccination (4).
• Subjects:
  2019-nCoV Vaccine MRNA-1273 BNT162 Vaccine COVID-19 Hospital Mortality Humans Respiration, Artificial Vaccine Efficacy
• Source:
  MMWR Morbidity Mortal Weekly Rep. 71(12):459-465
• Series:
  Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7112e1
• ISSN:
  0149-2195 (print) ; 1545-861X (digital)
• Pubmed ID:
  35324878
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC8956334
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Pages in Document:
  7 pdf pages
• Volume:
  71
• Issue:
  12
• Collection(s):
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3b49f20760891660abc698b19903c61e73de9b6dcc119f20bccc6f9fb9038ec1b652a1d15c01a085440fd800f52cd745474c4a766ddb5347bf48aa85aa66486d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/115851/cdc_115851_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 125.88 KB ]