Transition to a more even distribution of daily protein intake is associated with enhanced fat loss during a hypocaloric & physical activity intervention in obese older adults

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Nutr Health Aging
• Personal Author:
  Farsijani, Samaneh ; Cauley, Jane A. ; Santanasto, Adam J ; Glynn, Nancy W ; Boudreau, Robert M ; Newman, Anne B
• Description:
  Background:
  
  Optimization of intentional weight loss in obese older adults, through preferential fat mass reduction, is challenging, as the concomitant lean mass loss may exacerbate sarcopenia. Recent studies have suggested within-day distribution of protein intake plays a role in determining body composition remodeling. Here, we assessed whether changes in within-day protein intake distribution are related to improvements in body composition in overweight/obese older adults during a hypocaloric and exercise intervention.
  
  Methods:
  
  Thirty-six community-dwelling, overweight-to-obese (BMI 28.0–39.9 kg/m2), sedentary older adults (aged 70.6±6.1 years) were randomized into either physical activity plus successful aging health education (PA+SA; n=15) or physical activity plus weight loss (PA+WL; n=21) programs. Body composition (by CT and DXA) and dietary intake (by three-day food records) were determined at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up visits. Within-day protein distribution was calculated as the coefficient of variation (CV) of protein ingested per defined time periods (breakfast [5:00–10:59], lunch [11:00–16:59] and dinner [17:00–1:00]). Secondary analysis was performed to determine associations between changes in protein intake distribution and body composition.
  
  Results:
  
  In both groups, baseline protein intake was skewed towards dinner (PA+SA: 49.1%; PA+WL: 54.1%). The pattern of protein intake changed towards a more even within-day distribution in PA+WL during the intervention period, but it remained unchanged in PA+SA. Transition towards a more even pattern of protein intake was independently associated with a greater decline in BMI (P<0.05) and abdominal subcutaneous fat (P<0.05) in PA+WL. However, changes in protein CV were not associated with changes in body weight in PA+SA.
  
  Conclusion:
  
  Our results show that mealtime distribution of protein intake throughout the day was associated with improved weight and fat loss under hypocaloric diet combined with physical activity. This finding provides a novel insight into the potential role of within-day protein intake on weight management in obese older people.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Aged Aged, 80 And Over Exercise Female Humans Male Obesity Proteins Weight Loss
• Keywords:
  Aging Circadian Timing Of Protein Intake Exercise Weight
• Source:
  J Nutr Health Aging. 24(2):210-217
• Pubmed ID:
  32003413
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC8883440
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  T32 AG000181/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U48 DP000025/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  2
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:5b5d06cccebda5b428d3d9046f29f466ca24a82b1f436fe4117d653245672d23
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/114974/cdc_114974_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 530.67 KB ]