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Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Children in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prospective Multicenter Study
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8 2021
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Source: Pediatrics. 148(2)
[PDF-2.24 MB]
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Alternative Title:Pediatrics
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Personal Author:
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Description:Objectives
Non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARI). This study aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARI in children, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children <18 years presenting with fever and/or respiratory symptoms to emergency departments (ED) and inpatient settings in seven United States (US) cities. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Data were analyzed by calendar weeks. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible cases, and proportion testing positive for RSV and influenza.
Results
Overall, 45,759 children were eligible; 25,415 were enrolled and tested; 25% were RSV-positive, and 14% were influenza-positive. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection in 4/5-4/30/2020. Compared to 2016–2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases/week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.
Conclusion
In March-April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across seven US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against SARS-CoV-2.
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Pubmed ID:33986150
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC8338906
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