Details:

Alternative Title:
Mycoses
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/myc.13368
Personal Author:
Forno, Diana ; Samayoa, Blanca ; Medina, Narda ; Arathoon, Eduardo ; Mejia, Carlos Rodolfo ; ... More +
Forno, Diana ; Samayoa, Blanca ; Medina, Narda ; Arathoon, Eduardo ; Mejia, Carlos Rodolfo ; Gordillo, Remei ; Cedillos, Rolando ; Rodas, Jose ; Cleveland, Angela Ahlquist ; Chiller, Tom ; Caceres, Diego H. Less -
Description:
Objectives:

Histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis are important public health problems in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Central America. Conventional laboratory tests, such as culture and microscopy, are not optimal; however, antigen (Ag) tests are rapid, highly sensitive, and specific for diagnosis of fungal opportunistic infections (OI). The aim of this study was to describe the results of a laboratory-based surveillance system for histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis.

Methods:

An observational cross-sectional study based on laboratory surveillance, was carried out in two hospitals in Guatemala and one hospital in El Salvador, between July 2012 and December 2014. Diagnosis of histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis in PLHIV were performed by culture and Ag test.

Results:

A total of 160 PLHIV were diagnosed with fungal OI, of which 96 (60%) were diagnosed with histoplasmosis, 62 (39%) with cryptococcosis, and two patients (1%) with both fungal diseases. Of the 160 patients analyzed in this study, 94 (59%) were diagnosed using only an Ag assay. CD4 cell count data was available for 136 (85%) patients; 127 (93%) patients had a CD4 count <200, and 90 (66%) had counts <50 CD4 cells per µl. Antiretroviral therapy utilization at diagnosis was low (33%). Seventy-one out of 160 (44%) were co-infected with tuberculosis and other OI.

Conclusion:

More than half of the patients in this study were diagnosed only by rapid laboratory Ag tests. A high per cent of the patients had advanced HIV disease.


Subject:
[+]
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Article
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Cross-Sectional Studies
Cryptococcosis
Diagnosis
El Salvador
Guatemala
Histoplasmosis
HIV
HIV Infections
Humans
Opportunistic Infections
Rapid Tests
Cryptococcosis
Histoplasmosis

Source:
Mycoses. 64(12):1563-1570
Pubmed ID:
34536307
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC8781144
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
U2G PS003104/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHSUnited States/ ; 1USGPS003104-01/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/
U2G PS003104/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHSUnited States/ ; 1USGPS003104-01/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/ Less -
Place as Subject:
Guatemala ; El Salvador
Guatemala ; El Salvador Less -
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:243160123f215905fcc25434adde9c9ba5d8608d7b0f3a78bc486826d3d64a91
File Type:

Supporting Files

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