Association Between COVID-19 and Myocarditis Using Hospital-based Administrative Data — United States, March 2020–January 2021

Details

• Personal Author:
  Boehmer, Tegan K. ; Kompaniyets, Lyudmyla ; Lavery, Amy M. ; Hsu, Joy ; Ko, Jean Y. ; Yusuf, Hussain ; Romano, Sebastian D. ; Gundlapalli, Adi V. ; Oster, Matthew E. ; Harris, Aaron M.
• Corporate Authors:
  CDC COVID-19 Response Team. ; Emory University School of Medicine. ; Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta.
• Description:
  What is already known about this topic? Viral infections are a common cause of myocarditis. Some studies have indicated an association between COVID-19 and myocarditis.
  
  What is added by this report?During March 2020–January 2021, patients with COVID-19 had nearly 16 times the risk for myocarditis compared with patients who did not have COVID-19, and risk varied by sex and age.
  
  What are the implications for public health practice? These findings underscore the importance of implementing evidence-based COVID-19 Prevention strategies, including vaccination, to reduce the public health impact of COVID-19 and its associated Complications.
  
  Viral infections are a common cause of myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium) that can result in hospitalization, heart failure, and sudden death (1). Emerging data suggest an association between COVID-19 and myocarditis (2–5). CDC assessed this association using a large, U.S. hospital-based administrative database of health care encounters from >900 hospitals. Myocarditis inpatient encounters were 42.3% higher in 2020 than in 2019. During March 2020–January 2021, the period that coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic, the risk for myocarditis was 0.146% among patients diagnosed with COVID-19 during an inpatient or hospital-based outpatient encounter and 0.009% among patients who were not diagnosed with COVID-19. After adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics, patients with COVID-19 during March 2020–January 2021 had, on average, 15.7 times the risk for myocarditis compared with those without COVID-19 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14.1–17.2); by age, risk ratios ranged from approximately 7.0 for patients aged 16–39 years to >30.0 for patients aged <16 years or ≥75 years. Overall, myocarditis was uncommon among persons with and without COVID-19; however, COVID-19 was significantly associated with an increased risk for myocarditis, with risk varying by age group. These findings underscore the importance of implementing evidence-based COVID-19 Prevention strategies, including vaccination, to reduce the public health impact of COVID-19 and its associated Complications.
  
  Data for this study were obtained from the Premier Healthcare Database Special COVID-19 Release (PHD-SR), a large hospital-based administrative database.† The monthly number of myocarditis§ and COVID-19¶ inpatient encounters was assessed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, from January 2019 through May 2021.
  
  Suggested citation for this article: Boehmer TK, Kompaniyets L, Lavery AM, et al. Association Between COVID-19 and Myocarditis Using Hospital-Based Administrative Data — United States, March 2020–January 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 31 August 2021
  
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  mm7035e5-H.pdf
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged BetacoronaVirus Child CoronaVirus Infections/Complications COVID-19/Complications Female Humans Male Middle Aged Myocarditis Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral/Complications SARS-CoV-2 Young Adult

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• Source:
  MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2021; v. 70 Early Release
• Series:
  Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• ISSN:
  0149-2195 (print) ; 1545-861X (digital)
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Pages in Document:
  6 pdf pages
• Volume:
  70
• Collection(s):
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8cd685064c05015c87f86321dbe38c10b4ae4845e06f42e8d69411150074276f95e390d82e6c47f79792903242d1e8a93067b03fe6d73e0f4622dd27e02820f2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/109412/cdc_109412_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 271.56 KB ]