Sustained Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults — United States, March–July 2021

Details

• Personal Author:
  Tenforde, Mark W. ; Self, Wesley H. ; Naioti, Eric A. ; Ginde, Adit A. ; Douin, David J. ; Olson, Samantha M. ; Talbot, H. Keipp ; Casey, Jonathan D. ; Mohr, Nicholas M. ; Zepeski, Anne ; Gaglani, Manjusha ; McNeal, Tresa ; Ghamande, Shekhar ; Shapiro, Nathan I. ; Gibbs, Kevin W. ; Files, D. Clark ; Hager, David N. ; Shehu, Arber ; Prekker, Matthew E. ; Erickson, Heidi L. ; Gong, Michelle N. ; Mohamed, Amira ; Henning, Daniel J. ; Steingrub, Jay S. ; Peltan, Ithan D. ; Brown, Samuel M. ; Martin, Emily T. ; Monto, Arnold S. ; Khan, Akram ; Hough, Catherine L. ; Busse, Laurence W. ; ten Lohuis, Caitlin C. ; Duggal, Abhijit ; Wilson, Jennifer G. ; Gordon, Alexandra June ; Qadir, Nida ; Chang, Steven Y. ; Mallow, Christopher ; Rivas, Carolina ; Babcock, Hilary M. ; Kwon, Jennie H. ; Exline, Matthew C. ; Halasa, Natasha ; Chappell, James D. ; Lauring, Adam S. ; Grijalva, Carlos G. ; Rice, Todd W. ; Jones, Ian D. ; Stubblefield, William B. ; Baughman, Adrienne ; Womack, Kelsey N. ; Lindsell, Christopher J. ; Hart, Kimberly W. ; Zhu, Yuwei ; Stephenson, Meagan ; Schrag, Stephanie J. ; Kobayashi, Miwako ; Verani, Jennifer R. ; Patel, Manish M.
• Corporate Authors:
  CDC COVID- Response Team. ; Vanderbilt University Medical Center. ; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado ; University of Iowa. ; Baylor Scott & White Health. ; Texas A&M University. College of Medicine. ; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. ; Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center. ; Johns Hopkins Hospital. ; Hennepin County Medical Center. ; Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine. ; University of Washington School of Medicine. ; Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts. ; Intermountain Medical Center and University of Utah. ; University of Michigan School of Public Health. ; Oregon Health & Science University Hospital. ; Emory University School of Medicine. ; Cleveland Clinic. ; Stanford University. School of Medicine. ; Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center. ; University of Miami. ; Washington University. ; Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. ; University of Michigan. School of Medicine. ; IVY Network Investigators.
• Description:
  What is already known about this topic? COVID-19 mRNA vaccines provide strong protection against severe COVID-19; however, the duration of protection is uncertain.
  
  What is added by this report? Among 1,129 patients who received 2 doses of a mRNA vaccine, no decline in vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization was observed over 24 weeks. Vaccine effectiveness was 86% 2–12 weeks after vaccination and 84% at 13–24 weeks. Vaccine effectiveness was sustained among groups at risk for severe COVID-19.
  
  What are the implications for public health practice? mRNA vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19–associated hospitalizations was sustained over 24 weeks; ongoing monitoring is needed as new SARS-CoV-2 Variantss emerge. To reduce hospitalization, all eligible persons should be offered COVID-19 vaccination.
  
  Real-world evaluations have demonstrated high effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19–associated hospitalizations (1–4) measured shortly after vaccination; longer follow-up is needed to assess durability of protection. In an evaluation at 21 hospitals in 18 states, the duration of mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19–associated hospitalizations was assessed among adults aged ≥18 years. Among 3,089 hospitalized adults (including 1,194 COVID-19 case-patients and 1,895 non–COVID-19 control-patients), the median age was 59 years, 48.7% were female, and 21.1% had an immunocompromising condition. Overall, 141 (11.8%) case-patients and 988 (52.1%) controls were fully vaccinated (defined as receipt of the second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccines ≥14 days before illness onset), with a median interval of 65 days (range = 14–166 days) after receipt of second dose. VE against COVID-19–associated hospitalization during the full Surveillance period was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 82%–88%) overall and 90% (95% CI = 87%–92%) among adults without immunocompromising conditions. VE against COVID-19– associated hospitalization was 86% (95% CI = 82%–90%) 2–12 weeks and 84% (95% CI = 77%–90%) 13–24 weeks from receipt of the second vaccine dose, with no significant change between these periods (p = 0.854). Whole genome sequencing of 454 case-patient specimens found that 242 (53.3%) belonged to the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) lineage and 74 (16.3%) to the B.1.617.2 (Delta) lineage. Effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19–associated hospitalization was sustained over a 24-week period, including among groups at higher risk for severe COVID-19; ongoing monitoring is needed as new SARS-CoV-2 Variantss emerge. To reduce their risk for hospitalization, all eligible persons should be offered COVID-19 vaccination.
  
  Suggested citation for this article: Tenforde MW, Self WH, Naioti EA, et al. Sustained Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults — United States, March–July 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 18 August 2021.
  
  mm7034e2.htm?s_cid=mm7034e2_w
  
  
• Subjects:
  CoronaVirus Infections/Prevention & Control COVID-19 Vaccines COVID-19/Prevention & Control Patient Safety Viral Vaccine
• Source:
  MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2021; v. 70 Early Release
• Series:
  Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• ISSN:
  0149-2195 (print) ; 1545-861X (digital)
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Name as Subject:
  Janssen COVID-19 vaccine ; Moderna Covid-19 Vaccine ; Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Pages in Document:
  8 pdf pages
• Volume:
  70
• Collection(s):
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:fa7e60f74d0c6397674fbec5ee2d7e6c7e7d1cb8f8ac612ef876956f8f5f9d693a75dd8fd3d04a3f1b51396c6af9c1f5a335f210d81366715d9651435497eb14
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/108947/cdc_108947_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 311.61 KB ]