Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Adults Aged ≥65 Years — United States, January–March 2021

Details

• Personal Author:
  Tenforde, Mark W. ; Olson, Samantha M. ; Self, Wesley H. ; Talbot, H. Keipp ; Lindsell, Christopher J. ; Steingrub, Jay S. ; Shapiro, Nathan I. ; Ginde, Adit A. ; Douin, David J. ; Prekker, Matthew E. ; Brown, Samuel M. ; Peltan, Ithan D. ; Gong, Michelle N. ; Mohamed, Amira ; Khan, Akram ; Exline, Matthew C. ; Files, D. Clark ; Gibbs, Kevin W. ; Stubblefield, William B. ; Casey, Jonathan D. ; Rice, Todd W. ; Grijalva, Carlos G. ; Hager, David N. ; Shehu, Arber ; Qadir, Nida ; Chang, Steven Y. ; Wilson, Jennifer G. ; Gaglani, Manjusha ; Murthy, Kempapura ; Calhoun, Nicole ; Monto, Arnold S. ; Martin, Emily T. ; Malani, Anurag ; Zimmerman, Richard K. ; Silveira, Fernanda P. ; Middleton, Donald B. ; Zhu, Yuwei ; Wyatt, Dayna ; Stephenson, Meagan ; Baughman, Adrienne ; Womack, Kelsey N. ; Hart, Kimberly W. ; Kobayashi, Miwako ; Verani, Jennifer R. ; Patel, Manish M.
• Corporate Authors:
  CDC COVID-19 Response Team. ; Vanderbilt University Medical Center. ; Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts. ; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. ; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado ; Hennepin County Medical Center. ; Intermountain Medical Center and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah ; Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine. ; Oregon Health & Science University Hospital. ; Ohio State University. Wexner Medical Center. ; Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center. ; Johns Hopkins Hospital. ; Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center. ; Stanford University Medical Center. ; Baylor Scott & White Health. ; Texas A&M University. College of Medicine. ; St. Joseph Mercy Health System (Ann Arbor, Michigan) ; University of Michigan, School of Public Health. ; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. ; Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network. ; IVY Network.
• Description:
  What is already known about this topic? Clinical trials suggest high efficacy for COVID-19 vaccines, but evaluation of vaccine effectiveness against severe outcomes in real-world settings and in populations at high risk, including older adults, is needed.
  
  What is added by this report? In a multistate network of U.S. hospitals during January–March 2021, receipt of Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna Covid-19 Vaccines was 94% effective against COVID-19 hospitalization among fully vaccinated adults and 64% effective among partially vaccinated adults aged ≥65 years.
  
  What are the implications for public health practice? SARS-CoV-2 vaccines significantly reduce the risk for COVID-19–associated hospitalization in older adults and, in turn, might lead to commensurate reductions in post-COVID conditions and deaths.
  
  Adults aged ≥65 years are at increased risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19 and were identified as a priority group to receive the first COVID-19 vaccines approved for use under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) in the United States (1–3). In an evaluation at 24 hospitals in 14 states,* the effectiveness of partial or full vaccination† with Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna vaccines against COVID-19–associated hospitalization was assessed among adults aged ≥65 years. Among 417 hospitalized adults aged ≥65 years (including 187 case-patients and 230 controls), the median age was 73 years, 48% were female, 73% were non-Hispanic White, 17% were non-Hispanic Black, 6% were Hispanic, and 4% lived in a long-term care facility. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19–associated hospitalization among adults aged ≥65 years was estimated to be 94% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 49%–99%) for full vaccination and 64% (95% CI = 28%–82%) for partial vaccination. These findings are consistent with efficacy determined from clinical trials in the subgroup of adults aged ≥65 years (4,5). This multisite U.S. evaluation under real-world conditions suggests that vaccination provided protection against COVID-19–associated hospitalization among adults aged ≥65 years. Vaccination is a critical tool for reducing severe COVID-19 in groups at high risk.
  
  Suggested citation for this article: Tenforde MW, Olson SM, Self WH, et al. Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Adults Aged ≥65 Years — United States, January–March 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 28 April 2021.
  
  mm7018e1.htm?s_cid=mm7018e1_w
  
  mm7018e1-H.pdf
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult CoronaVirus Infections/Prevention & Control COVID-19 Vaccines COVID-19/Prevention & Control Hospitalization Vaccination Viral Vaccines
• Source:
  MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2021; v. 70 Early Release
• Series:
  Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• ISSN:
  0149-2195 (print) ; 1545-861X (digital)
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Name as Subject:
  Moderna Covid-19 Vaccine ; Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Pages in Document:
  7 pdf pages
• Volume:
  70
• Collection(s):
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0f8abf2eecfe6aa498c7b99dd8c2d32977abb175860c29f7003b4df47f4a8094f261b0eed6d69e5b156f9d303065e57f376ee74a6bee2553eca3eeb4eb20852c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/105632/cdc_105632_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 258.90 KB ]