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Putative Cut-Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes: An SDOC Analysis
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7 2020
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Source: J Am Geriatr Soc. 68(7):1429-1437
[PDF-956.36 KB]
Details:
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Alternative Title:J Am Geriatr Soc
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Personal Author:
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Description:OBJECTIVES:
Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cutpoints in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht2); and slowness (walking speed <.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality).
DESIGN:
Individual-level, sex-stratified pooled analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) for incident falls, mobility limitation, hip fractures, and mortality. Follow-up time ranged from 1 year for falls to 8.8 ± 2.3 years for mortality.
SETTING:
Eight prospective observational cohort studies.
PARTICIPANTS:
A total of 13,421 community-dwelling men and 4,828 community-dwelling women.
MEASUREMENTS
Grip strength by hand dynamometry, gait speed, and lean mass by DXA.
RESULTS:
Low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition) was associated with incident outcomes, usually independently of slowness, in both men and women. ORs and HRs generally ranged from 1.2 to 3.0 for those below vs above the cut-point. DXA lean mass was not consistently associated with these outcomes. When considered together, those who had both muscle weakness by absolute grip strength (<35.5 kg in men and <20 kg in women) and slowness were consistently more likely to have a fall, hip fracture, mobility limitation, or die than those without either slowness or muscle weakness.
CONCLUSION:
Older men and women with both muscle weakness and slowness have a higher likelihood of adverse health outcomes. These results support the inclusion of grip strength and walking speed as components in a summary definition of sarcopenia.
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Source:
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Pubmed ID:32633824
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC7508260
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