Putative Cut-Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes: An SDOC Analysis

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Am Geriatr Soc
• Personal Author:
  Cawthon, Peggy M. ; Manini, Todd ; Patel, Sheena M. ; Newman, Anne ; Travison, Thomas ; Kiel, Douglas P. ; Santanasto, Adam J. ; Ensrud, Kristine E. ; Xue, Qian-Li ; Shardell, Michelle ; Duchowny, Kate ; Erlandson, Kristine M. ; Pencina, Karol M. ; Fielding, Roger A. ; Magaziner, Jay ; Kwok, Timothy ; Karlsson, Magnus ; Ohlsson, Claes ; Mellström, Dan ; Hirani, Vasant ; Ribom, Eva ; Correa-de-Araujo, Rosaly ; Bhasin, Shalender
• Description:
  OBJECTIVES:
  
  Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cutpoints in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht2); and slowness (walking speed <.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality).
  
  DESIGN:
  
  Individual-level, sex-stratified pooled analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) for incident falls, mobility limitation, hip fractures, and mortality. Follow-up time ranged from 1 year for falls to 8.8 ± 2.3 years for mortality.
  
  SETTING:
  
  Eight prospective observational cohort studies.
  
  PARTICIPANTS:
  
  A total of 13,421 community-dwelling men and 4,828 community-dwelling women.
  
  MEASUREMENTS
  
  Grip strength by hand dynamometry, gait speed, and lean mass by DXA.
  
  RESULTS:
  
  Low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition) was associated with incident outcomes, usually independently of slowness, in both men and women. ORs and HRs generally ranged from 1.2 to 3.0 for those below vs above the cut-point. DXA lean mass was not consistently associated with these outcomes. When considered together, those who had both muscle weakness by absolute grip strength (<35.5 kg in men and <20 kg in women) and slowness were consistently more likely to have a fall, hip fracture, mobility limitation, or die than those without either slowness or muscle weakness.
  
  CONCLUSION:
  
  Older men and women with both muscle weakness and slowness have a higher likelihood of adverse health outcomes. These results support the inclusion of grip strength and walking speed as components in a summary definition of sarcopenia.
  
  
• Keywords:
  Absorptiometry, Photon Accidental Falls Aged Body Composition Body Mass Index Consensus Female Gait Speed Grip Strength Hand Strength Hip Fracture Hip Fractures Humans Independent Living Male Mobility Limitation Muscle Strength Muscle Weakness Prospective Studies Sarcopenia Walking Speed

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• Source:
  J Am Geriatr Soc. 68(7):1429-1437
• Pubmed ID:
  32633824
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7508260
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  S3486/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC85081/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC85083/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 5-P60-AR30701/AR/NIAMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K23 AG050260/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01AG62106/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01-HC-25195/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01AG62101/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01AG023629/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG005407/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG042139/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01HL130114/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01AG62103/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG042140/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 TR000128/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG042168/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01HL080295/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 AG024827/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; S043, S1734/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG042124/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 AG031679/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 HL130114/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC55222/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG042145/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 AG028747/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC85082/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; AG51421/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG054366/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG051421/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AR35582/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AR 41398/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AR049439-01A1/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 AG028740/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG027576/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG005394/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; HHSN268201200036C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG048069/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; HHSN268200800007C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AR066160/AR/NIAMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01AR35584/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AR35583/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG027810/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC85080/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K01 AG057726/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG027574/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 AG042143/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01AR057118/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; HHSN268201800001C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U24AG051129/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 5 P60 AR49465-03/AR/NIAMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC85086/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; N01HC85079/HL/NHLBI NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  68
• Issue:
  7
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e171d9bd178bc01d2355b0144c028698f5866ac55fcccf9d9c40e81374ba2d14
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/103492/cdc_103492_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 956.36 KB ]