U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research and makes recommendations for preventing work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths. For more information, visit https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/index.html.

(380)
(1084)
(1277)
(1648)
(1919)
(2667)
(2165)
(2175)
(2194)
(2022)
(2295)
(2185)
(2186)
(1946)
(1959)
(1868)
(1814)
(1896)
(1852)
(2021)
(1832)
(1776)
(1791)
(1593)
(1443)
(1340)
(1050)
(1129)
(1105)
(949)
(1158)
(1317)
(1239)
(1328)
(1187)
(1406)
(1037)
(1172)
(1173)
(1213)
(1054)
(1184)
(1312)
(1468)
(1469)
(1457)
(1274)
(1230)
(1333)
(1437)
(1233)
(1063)
(1078)
(826)
(603)
(526)
(112)
(50)
(32)
(39)
(31)
(34)
(23)
(13)
(6)
(7)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(40)
0 of 89
(1)
(637)
(13)
(9)
(1)
(133)
(1)
(89)
(3)
(563)
(1)
(28)
(1)
(177)
(79)
(5)
(67)
(57)
(11)
(1)
(7)
(1128)
(18)
(385)
(36)
(79262)
(1)
(4)
0 of 28
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(868)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(720)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(860)
(1)
(247)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(99)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(67)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(58)
(8)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6047)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(182)
(1)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3541)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(971)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(60)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(94)
(1)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2519)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1932)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2553)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(46)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(158)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(387)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2303)
(1054)
(1)
(4)
(1772)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(228)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1535)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(740)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(296)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4624)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4089)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2632)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2073)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(249)
(1)
(1)
(1111)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(378)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(633)
(1)
(559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(234)
(1202)
(2)
(580)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(4805)
(17)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(107)
(7)
(86)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2780)
(1)
(130)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(14958)
(1)
(513)
(2)
(1)
(1445)
(3)
(2)
(5425)
(5768)
(24433)
(9686)
(22241)
(4245)
(3495)
(1)
(5416)
(7262)
(6873)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8422)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(247)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(100)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(160)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(140)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(489)
(184)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(625)
(1)
(2559)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1107)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1366)
(1)
(2)
(209)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1830)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(4891)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11086)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1377)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(83)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(299)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 829
(29)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(738)
(282)
(3519)
(808)
(2063)
(1)
(3836)
(587)
(1)
(16441)
(11)
(1)
(2)
(22)
(1)
(132)
(3707)
(22)
(12)
(17)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(14)
(18)
(50)
(1)
(556)
(4)
0 of 36
(1)
(59)
(21)
(125)
(24)
(89)
(4)
(105)
(67)
(11)
(1)
(663)
(1)
(1)
(81)
(41)
(26)
(2548)
(1)
(21)
(1162)
(15)
(122)
(14)
(31)
(633)
(9)
(3)
(2834)
(11)
(2)
(2577)
(10)
(11)
(4)
(151)
(2179)
(114)
(4)
(105)
(13)
(169)
(175)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(37)
(2)
(5)
0 of 49
(69)
(6)
(5)
(1153)
(30)
(7)
(5019)
(4)
(5758)
(8707)
(11)
(26)
(121)
(19)
(5)
(26)
(43)
(37)
(26)
(74)
(207)
(4)
(151)
(67)
(6)
(27)
(5)
(4)
(105)
(5)
(5)
(696)
(26)
(193)
(32)
(6)
(2079)
(51)
(83)
(17)
(5)
(1893)
(1941)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(18)
(5)
(4446)
(10)
(59)
(319)
(6)
(711)
(8)
(5016)
(6)
(1254)
(2453)
(7)
(52)
(10)
(21)
(237)
(166)
(35)
(9)
(32)
(252)
(20)
(388)
(33)
(24)
(159)
(65)
(48)
(5)
(13)
(55)
(147)
(11)
(37)
(161)
(3166)
(62)
(4)
(12)
(78)
(4)
(4)
(219)
(152)
(38)
(87)
(238)
(4)
(4)
(256)
(15)
(104)
(967)
(4)
(1239)
(1247)
(39)
(106)
(4)
(236)
(15)
(1940)
(52)
(26)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(4)
(213)
(184)
(1807)
(7)
(201)
(13)
(25)
(6)
(223)
(4)
(85)
(534)
(359)
(362)
(6)
(148)
(101)
(19)
(1232)
(1281)
(230)
(8)
(20)
(4)
(1660)
(187)
(133)
(89)
(68)
(344)
(10)
(4)
(23)
(23)
(61)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(60)
(208)
(64)
(189)
(34)
(185)
(33)
(67)
(4)
(32)
(6)
(118)
(6)
(222)
(5)
(1945)
(4)
(1532)
(4)
(1874)
(8)
(546)
(66)
(28)
(74)
(52)
(414)
(5)
(28)
(92)
(5)
(36)
(8)
(18)
(66)
(2666)
(492)
(42)
(24)
(27)
(108)
(231)
(7)
(6)
(9)
(56)
(26)
(337)
(20)
(267)
(150)
(243)
(4)
(4)
(315)
(5)
(108)
(63)
(3137)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(2813)
(46)
(9)
(4)
(37)
(794)
(79)
(5)
(6)
(53)
(201)
(14)
(153)
(1654)
(144)
(155)
(234)
(521)
(376)
(4186)
(510)
(4)
(9)
(5)
(44)
(179)
(75)
(34)
(10)
(4)
(89)
(10)
(42)
(67)
(32)
(119)
(5)
(20)
(14)
(4)
(4)
(31)
(5)
(456)
(26)
(42)
(6)
(62)
(7)
(193)
(510)
(170)
(165)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(309)
(18)
(6)
(559)
(1929)
(19)
(156)
(5)
(647)
(44)
(33)
(29)
(70)
(669)
(4)
(297)
(344)
(295)
(82)
(4)
(4)
(295)
(37)
(8)
(10)
(34)
(5)
(45)
(241)
(5)
(186)
(5)
(34)
(34)
(52)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(166)
(6641)
(26)
(4)
(622)
(8)
(18)
(4)
(25)
(309)
(2307)
(4)
(37)
(359)
(682)
(4)
(4)
(1027)
(8)
(26)
(54)
(167)
(6)
(4)
(85)
(44)
(15)
(789)
(5)
(2211)
(5)
(4)
(361)
(6)
(51)
(384)
(49)
(308)
(1054)
(23)
(1645)
(5)
(463)
(4725)
(9)
(1340)
(7)
(6738)
(12)
(1581)
(7)
(522)
(11)
(7)
(5248)
(12)
(5)
(28)
(111)
(9)
(6)
(15)
(24)
(2316)
(46)
(63)
(13)
(35)
(4)
(68)
(7)
(13)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(23)
(82)
(8)
(4)
(642)
(153)
(5)
(433)
(105)
(242)
(16)
(745)
(2351)
(10)
(668)
(21)
(22)
(217)
(6)
(346)
(34)
(63)
(340)
(262)
(4)
(15)
(1912)
(1246)
(113)
(34)
(21)
(51)
(5)
(37)
(16)
(24)
(8)
(5)
(4)
(384)
(100)
(48)
(431)
(560)
(7)
(609)
(344)
(4)
(166)
(11)
(5)
(289)
(49)
(643)
(119)
(21)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1199)
(38)
(553)
(210)
(5)
(53)
(135)
(75)
(5)
(65)
(16)
(112)
(5)
(16)
(6228)
(32)
(51)
(53)
(9)
(10)
(324)
(2291)
(12)
(14)
(10)
(3298)
(17)
(11)
(1418)
(6)
(5)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(162)
(887)
(1078)
(1161)
(23)
(6)
(39)
(7)
(535)
(474)
(869)
(30)
(19)
(194)
(38)
(13)
(42)
(96)
(5)
(59)
(60)
(74)
(5)
(142)
(6)
(231)
(894)
(5)
(55)
(19)
(433)
(317)
(462)
(5)
(1140)
(11)
(17)
(9)
(15)
(43)
(1530)
(6)
(26)
(1427)
(18)
(17)
(30)
(12)
(23)
(16)
(22)
(14)
(55)
(39)
(18)
(36)
(15)
(5)
(8)
(106)
(37)
(509)
(9)
(5)
(8)
(58)
(1124)
(72)
(5)
(1457)
(6)
(74)
(76)
(7)
(5)
(1339)
(413)
(5)
(122)
(5289)
(48)
(641)
(1083)
(329)
(5)
(180)
(5)
(229)
(330)
(352)
(10)
(72)
(8)
(47)
(5232)
(3755)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(12)
(9)
(59)
(127)
(9)
(21)
(117)
(352)
(230)
(227)
(4432)
(18)
(17)
(100)
(11)
(159)
(19)
(30)
(28)
(41)
(2690)
(29)
(371)
(2764)
(195)
(2490)
(787)
(1023)
(30)
(62)
(11)
(275)
(22)
(15)
(10)
(5)
(20)
(6)
(39)
(6)
(23)
(12)
(1066)
(163)
(42)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(16)
(28)
(689)
(19)
(62)
(8)
(6)
(8681)
(5)
(103)
(11)
(5)
(847)
(8)
(3582)
(6)
(8)
(62)
(3057)
(3220)
(338)
(64)
(21)
(17)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(37)
(39)
(15)
(11)
(6)
(188)
(5)
(3076)
(18)
(3166)
(826)
(118)
(198)
(76)
(328)
(70)
(50)
(38)
(70)
(166)
(39)
(107)
(39)
(24)
(2139)
(1495)
(7)
(17)
(5)
(164)
(26)
(10)
(163)
(89)
(51)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(1119)
(5)
(16)
(8)
(60)
(9027)
(53)
(91)
(17)
(5)
(77780)
(17)
(16)
(1014)
(5)
(28)
(5)
(5)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(41)
(9)
(8)
(271)
(36)
(6)
(299)
(5)
(5)
(125)
(7)
(119)
(123)
(603)
(93)
(7)
(80)
(8)
(9)
(4798)
(370)
(7)
(28)
(41)
(6025)
(6)
(5)
(18)
(204)
(36)
(96)
(153)
(13)
(87)
(51)
(29)
(92)
(6)
(5)
(10)
(6)
(441)
(22)
(72)
(12)
(17)
(7)
(12)
(691)
(12)
(175)
(502)
(195)
(10)
(40)
(55)
(21)
(52)
(6)
(8)
(13)
(31)
(28)
(47)
(1357)
(570)
(24)
(12)
(15)
(665)
(222)
(52)
(15)
(9)
(32)
(13)
(1262)
(37)
(1550)
(6)
(16)
(6)
(10)
(5)
(35)
(17)
(29)
(5)
(346)
(6)
(399)
(11)
(15)
(1307)
(1216)
(100)
(264)
(134)
(127)
(13)
(12)
(436)
(12)
(144)
(42)
(77)
(17)
(8)
(8)
(102)
(20)
(24)
(5)
(21)
(7)
(6)
(8)
(104)
(17)
(7)
(11)
(782)
(377)
(1999)
(7534)
(6916)
(8)
(8)
(5)
(5)
(8)
(7612)
(6077)
(7)
(5)
(185)
(6)
(77332)
(4643)
(6)
(30)
(14)
(12)
(55)
(5)
(5)
(10)
(79)
(1433)
(152)
(821)
(51)
(1135)
(6)
(5)
(514)
(219)
(5)
(81)
(1616)
(108)
(5)
(57)
(2247)
(381)
(19)
(793)
(18)
(5)
(728)
(608)
(244)
(366)
(8)
(952)
(13)
(13)
(26)
(1021)
(2058)
(34)
(5)
(9)
(178)
(88)
(15)
(11)
(5059)
(12)
(10)
(5)
(29)
(11)
(1579)
(120)
(7)
(161)
(170)
(139)
(50)
(58)
(153)
(51)
(32)
(102)
(3070)
(7)
(8)
(28)
(6)
(14)
(795)
(190)
(36)
(399)
(9)
(8)
(16)
(21)
(22)
(86)
(720)
(5)
(255)
(9)
(10)
(1733)
(32)
(5)
(752)
(7)
(61)
(41)
(93)
(26)
(125)
(30)
(20)
(18)
(132)
(9)
(16)
(663)
(867)
(1242)
(22)
(8)
(20)
(50)
(5)
(880)
(2942)
(110)
(668)
(52)
(432)
(515)
(7)
(13)
(65)
(5)
(300)
(61)
(23)
(30)
(302)
(121)
(691)
(100)
(3094)
(305)
(8)
(20)
(14)
(5)
(247)
(8914)
(10)
(11)
(40)
(10)
(8)
(121)
(96)
(6)
(81)
(14)
0 of 1000
(76)
(64)
(38)
(49)
(38)
(50)
(50)
(113)
(79)
(94)
(60)
(38)
(45)
(36)
(52)
(110)
(245)
(56)
(60)
(80)
(278)
(83)
(106)
(43)
(57)
(139)
(49)
(132)
(36)
(45)
(74)
(42)
(43)
(72)
(36)
(99)
(39)
(225)
(42)
(38)
(71)
(71)
(64)
(115)
(55)
(77)
(62)
(37)
(152)
(138)
(52)
(51)
(43)
(38)
(63)
(68)
(36)
(48)
(67)
(49)
(52)
(43)
(55)
(172)
(63)
(39)
(59)
(38)
(86)
(41)
(39)
(67)
(59)
(50)
(45)
(54)
(55)
(36)
(102)
(127)
(40)
(65)
(59)
(81)
(69)
(65)
(53)
(42)
(78)
(58)
(147)
(43)
(45)
(95)
(38)
(46)
(47)
(88)
(91)
(37)
(45)
(86)
(78)
(37)
(55)
(38)
(66)
(45)
(56)
(82)
(45)
(59)
(76)
(159)
(63)
(41)
(128)
(86)
(40)
(88)
(109)
(70)
(47)
(74)
(60)
(175)
(36)
(42)
(38)
(41)
(41)
(93)
(42)
(60)
(75)
(64)
(919)
(84)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(182)
(45)
(36)
(60)
(36)
(60)
(129)
(100)
(71)
(63)
(39)
(147)
(40)
(88)
(37)
(76)
(42)
(43)
(108)
(39)
(36)
(42)
(243)
(58)
(77)
(124)
(37)
(41)
(89)
(44)
(41)
(41)
(56)
(126)
(61)
(49)
(132)
(59)
(54)
(49)
(56)
(61)
(38)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(54)
(138)
(45)
(71)
(38)
(37)
(55)
(73)
(136)
(36)
(103)
(81)
(48)
(112)
(43)
(87)
(81)
(37)
(36)
(51)
(87)
(41)
(44)
(50)
(41)
(52)
(45)
(58)
(41)
(79)
(42)
(52)
(52)
(66)
(171)
(48)
(38)
(156)
(95)
(49)
(37)
(45)
(99)
(53)
(126)
(41)
(67)
(71)
(222)
(86)
(51)
(100)
(41)
(39)
(50)
(42)
(39)
(37)
(38)
(71)
(85)
(140)
(44)
(55)
(52)
(171)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(167)
(40)
(48)
(37)
(73)
(109)
(67)
(39)
(86)
(58)
(41)
(39)
(55)
(67)
(54)
(58)
(213)
(155)
(37)
(59)
(75)
(81)
(41)
(51)
(87)
(82)
(38)
(48)
(87)
(83)
(56)
(54)
(65)
(47)
(56)
(62)
(81)
(208)
(47)
(73)
(61)
(47)
(185)
(38)
(45)
(46)
(106)
(43)
(78)
(93)
(44)
(86)
(37)
(44)
(62)
(53)
(48)
(40)
(97)
(38)
(56)
(56)
(49)
(67)
(146)
(44)
(42)
(46)
(53)
(45)
(125)
(39)
(60)
(74)
(138)
(85)
(249)
(75)
(87)
(37)
(253)
(96)
(78)
(65)
(171)
(92)
(37)
(78)
(55)
(84)
(45)
(60)
(60)
(112)
(37)
(36)
(134)
(59)
(45)
(77)
(261)
(64)
(40)
(89)
(36)
(117)
(54)
(108)
(79)
(153)
(68)
(38)
(194)
(45)
(85)
(58)
(45)
(62)
(51)
(38)
(75)
(49)
(61)
(43)
(88)
(49)
(49)
(48)
(43)
(96)
(49)
(41)
(93)
(123)
(109)
(46)
(158)
(47)
(68)
(51)
(92)
(48)
(81)
(108)
(44)
(43)
(100)
(46)
(42)
(56)
(37)
(58)
(94)
(45)
(75)
(78)
(36)
(94)
(51)
(39)
(82)
(209)
(66)
(59)
(69)
(37)
(108)
(239)
(51)
(44)
(42)
(104)
(67)
(55)
(48)
(46)
(45)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(87)
(48)
(48)
(49)
(54)
(38)
(59)
(63)
(70)
(41)
(70)
(92)
(153)
(45)
(55)
(70)
(67)
(52)
(72)
(54)
(60)
(47)
(36)
(100)
(37)
(62)
(248)
(80)
(37)
(40)
(49)
(39)
(42)
(97)
(40)
(106)
(44)
(91)
(42)
(129)
(41)
(102)
(55)
(36)
(65)
(51)
(43)
(65)
(37)
(72)
(44)
(92)
(154)
(40)
(75)
(42)
(55)
(54)
(37)
(61)
(43)
(61)
(59)
(54)
(84)
(174)
(45)
(120)
(45)
(250)
(61)
(64)
(93)
(38)
(79)
(69)
(88)
(63)
(65)
(93)
(71)
(68)
(56)
(44)
(122)
(102)
(44)
(55)
(62)
(49)
(73)
(46)
(36)
(53)
(107)
(56)
(60)
(46)
(160)
(43)
(75)
(44)
(36)
(37)
(57)
(46)
(68)
(36)
(52)
(55)
(40)
(37)
(41)
(58)
(65)
(42)
(36)
(116)
(47)
(127)
(46)
(54)
(89)
(79)
(42)
(73)
(103)
(53)
(55)
(37)
(72)
(101)
(44)
(67)
(63)
(46)
(57)
(40)
(105)
(53)
(100)
(78)
(54)
(176)
(39)
(37)
(113)
(108)
(70)
(61)
(36)
(40)
(47)
(155)
(96)
(93)
(37)
(86)
(47)
(98)
(38)
(65)
(67)
(84)
(51)
(48)
(201)
(48)
(44)
(64)
(81)
(48)
(38)
(39)
(37)
(52)
(186)
(36)
(44)
(40)
(103)
(41)
(41)
(86)
(58)
(40)
(44)
(41)
(58)
(171)
(42)
(68)
(85)
(36)
(43)
(36)
(45)
(52)
(40)
(54)
(43)
(50)
(37)
(47)
(91)
(37)
(43)
(49)
(122)
(44)
(42)
(36)
(46)
(56)
(152)
(44)
(73)
(263)
(36)
(47)
(49)
(55)
(55)
(156)
(144)
(45)
(130)
(149)
(41)
(37)
(97)
(67)
(45)
(65)
(36)
(38)
(67)
(134)
(60)
(37)
(58)
(65)
(51)
(47)
(153)
(36)
(49)
(65)
(122)
(44)
(79)
(144)
(39)
(52)
(51)
(48)
(39)
(105)
(37)
(37)
(36)
(93)
(47)
(162)
(38)
(42)
(38)
(166)
(57)
(152)
(55)
(119)
(38)
(40)
(101)
(58)
(47)
(49)
(41)
(111)
(61)
(72)
(40)
(43)
(42)
(42)
(41)
(150)
(58)
(42)
(43)
(64)
(84)
(53)
(103)
(53)
(43)
(78)
(107)
(41)
(109)
(59)
(36)
(132)
(41)
(66)
(57)
(53)
(96)
(46)
(119)
(72)
(68)
(36)
(47)
(36)
(216)
(40)
(57)
(40)
(59)
(172)
(52)
(65)
(92)
(57)
(262)
(43)
(43)
(95)
(37)
(38)
(81)
(82)
(76)
(43)
(85)
(39)
(167)
(68)
(92)
(51)
(63)
(65)
(50)
(70)
(125)
(123)
(37)
(69)
(52)
(39)
(40)
(61)
(65)
(37)
(45)
(88)
(154)
(46)
(274)
(71)
(44)
(40)
(53)
(53)
(49)
(189)
(57)
(55)
(113)
(40)
(37)
(46)
(43)
(65)
(44)
(95)
(227)
(42)
(79)
(39)
(227)
(70)
(162)
(39)
(82)
(49)
(87)
(55)
(96)
(62)
(86)
(114)
(47)
(76)
(40)
(43)
(65)
(45)
(45)
(121)
(51)
(109)
(54)
(55)
(46)
(40)
(40)
(55)
(51)
(79)
(91)
(64)
(53)
(51)
(37)
(50)
(94)
(95)
(54)
(217)
(223)
(53)
(113)
(62)
(70)
(42)
(37)
(92)
(156)
(55)
(46)
(48)
(54)
(48)
(87)
(67)
(42)
(58)
(97)
(51)
(43)
(55)
(57)
(79)
(74)
(40)
(40)
(74)
(104)
(213)
(99)
(55)
(57)
(101)
(63)
(56)
(52)
(69)
(95)
(104)
(121)
(61)
(85)
(69)
(39)
(54)
(57)
(289)
(42)
(60)
(72)
(194)
(112)
(86)
(99)
(111)
(38)
(59)
(70)
(80)
(46)
(55)
(88)
(191)
(41)
(41)
(119)
(59)
(51)
(61)
(50)
(71)
(43)
(48)
(135)
(84)
(50)
(48)
(85)
(38)
(102)
(68)
(62)
(51)
(130)
(37)
(128)
(59)
(39)
(109)
(73)
(48)
(53)
(45)
(63)
(47)
(106)
(63)
(46)
(59)
(45)
(45)
(178)
(83)
(82)
(39)
(58)
(48)
(40)
(76)
(54)
(66)
(74)
(45)
(42)
(42)
(71)
(99)
(89)
(97)
(119)
(64)
(53)
(50)
(39)
(64)
(42)
(98)
(101)
(51)
(40)
(53)
(90)
(59)
(50)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(52)
(79)
(71)
(55)
0 of 1000
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(65)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(85)
(1)
(121)
(117)
(1)
(1)
(270)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(142)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(57)
(2)
(48)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(685)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(66)
(46)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(8)
(35)
(9)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(105)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(14)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(192)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(134)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(231)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(21)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(245)
(2)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(217)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(228)
(48)
(53)
(1)
(210)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(187)
(4)
(184)
(47)
(1)
(47)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(35)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(12)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9495)
(1)
(1)
(61)
(3)
(1)
(8)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(257)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(17)
(1)
(24)
(22)
(1)
(51)
(2)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(8)
(76)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(322)
(2)
(751)
(1)
(22)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(37)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(110)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(21)
(382)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(8)
(97)
(1)
(5)
(125)
(13)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(56)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(33)
(1)
(59)
(18)
(77)
(29)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(24)
(1)
(186)
(211)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(30)
(30)
(32)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(62)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(10)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(52)
(52)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(150)
(41)
(38)
(8)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(13)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2064)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(68)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(20)
(5)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(94)
(283)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(84)
(8)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(2)
(715)
(127)
(49)
(48)
(2)
(4)
(34)
(34)
(2)
(34)
(12)
(106)
(106)
(2)
(14)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(45)
(45)
0 of 1000
(1)
(204)
(19)
(114)
(129)
(601)
(78)
(165)
(64)
(1)
(184)
(1)
(168)
(2319)
(981)
(10)
(63)
(257)
(699)
(1)
(115)
(1)
(1480)
(618)
(2268)
(224)
(7743)
(336)
(1)
(2911)
(6)
(197)
(342)
(33)
(1277)
(238)
(113)
(2)
(21)
(73)
(5134)
(5)
(51)
(116)
(4)
(26)
(95)
(1138)
(5)
(28)
(13)
(1)
(741)
(5)
(695)
(3)
(28)
(1362)
(4)
(9)
(46)
(2041)
(7)
(5)
(613)
(10)
(1)
(100)
(18)
(13)
(139)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1108)
(6)
(1)
(5)
(3454)
(1238)
(37)
(375)
(663)
(243)
(13)
(371)
(7)
(273)
(535)
(363)
(2)
(1014)
(12)
(327)
(7)
(49)
(1235)
(138)
(33)
(75)
0 of 101
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(589)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(8)
(4)
(35)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(108)
(4)
(909)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(420)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(76)
(2)
(2)
(67)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(184)
(3)
(2)
(18)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(35)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(3)
(228)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(28)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(38)
(1)
(27)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(56)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(831)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(156)
(29)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(20)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(1)
(40)
(8)
(5)
(1)
(12)
(6)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(4)
(33)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(25)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(29)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(27)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(63)
(1)
(1)
(43)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(7)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(11)
(30)
(8)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(36)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(2)
(1)
(107)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(11)
(3)
(32)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(41)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(39)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(20)
(2)
(83)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(25)
(1)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(16)
(10)
(14)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(12)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(11)
(5)
(1)
(47)
(10)
(20)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(8)
(3)
(6)
(9)
(32)
(1)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(24)
(24)
(35)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(13)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(29)
(15)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(10)
(6)
(12)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(10)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(63)
(10)
(4)
(2)
(14)
(20)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(23)
(7)
(68)
(2)
(2)
(16)
(11)
(17)
(47)
(36)
(9)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(19)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(4)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(38)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(13)
(11)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(44)
(11)
(5)
(15)
(35)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(60)
(2)
(10)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(8)
(3)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(16)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(13)
(21)
(47)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(5)
(143)
(9)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(22)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(59)
(2)
(41)
(5)
(5)
(9)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(14)
(7)
(3)
(44)
(4)
(23)
(24)
(2)
(5)
(7)
(51)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(23)
(3)
(6)
(10)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(7)
(2)
(27)
(2)
(9)
(35)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(21)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(11)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(20)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(19)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(14)
(5)
(10)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(30)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(29)
(2)
(5)
(23)
(16)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(18)
(3)
0 of 1000
(2563)
(2)
(23)
(30)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2225)
(1)
(118)
(16)
(4)
(28)
(1)
(7)
(56)
(140)
(366)
(75)
(255)
(87)
(94)
(559)
(194)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(510)
(1195)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(2853)
(1927)
(7)
(1)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(173)
(201)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(165)
(547)
(1)
(3)
(43)
(841)
(23)
(2)
(752)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(69)
(43)
(137)
(14)
(574)
(526)
(26)
(137)
(80)
(38)
(47)
(62)
(15)
(44)
(26)
(7)
(1491)
(136)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(348)
(1)
(372)
(8)
(5)
(17)
(1)
(32)
(3)
(1)
(143)
(5)
(66)
(4)
(191)
(18)
0 of 97
(4)
(17)
(111)
(15)
(21)
(269)
(23)
(13)
(3)
(397)
(429)
(11)
(79)
(36)
(9)
(41)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(16)
(17)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(6)
(73)
(2)
(20)
(44)
(35)
(92)
(22)
(22)
(47)
(18)
(113)
(3)
(18)
(9)
(13)
(4)
(11)
(1)
(10)
(38)
(3)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(24)
(12)
(9)
(24)
(2)
(10)
0 of 56
(456)
(3)
(14)
(173)
(887)
(392)
(40)
(2812)
(618)
(2)
(239)
(44)
(100)
(121)
(55)
(281)
(7)
(103)
(207)
(19)
(110)
(1)
(96)
(100)
(824)
(160)
(215)
(218)
(229)
(3)
(258)
(41)
(15)
(30)
(4)
(75)
(511)
(44)
(27)
(74)
(113)
(35)
0 of 42
(47017)
(27894)
(3)
0 of 3
(1)
(635)
(5688)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(280)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(213)
(43)
(1851)
(28)
(2)
(1)
(1744)
(79)
(1)
(27)
(1)
(129)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(28)
(907)
(6425)
(1)
(406)
(1)
(15)
(4)
(10)
(1)
(396)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1191)
(8)
(716)
(1)
(8356)
(3339)
(294)
(1754)
(1)
(3)
(953)
(25)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(206)
(1)
(114)
(2)
(21)
(2)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(282)
(188)
(5)
(33060)
(4)
(302)
(28)
(1)
(8)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(1076)
(7)
(1)
(926)
(3)
(526)
(788)
(1)
(1)
(137)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(58)
(154)
(4)
(12)
(1)
(6)
(60)
(5)
(6148)
(44)
(3)
(9)
(5676)
(116)
(1)
(4)
(216)
(1)
(169)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(20)
(14)
(300)
(145)
(2)
(330)
(293)
(17)
(17)
(169)
(2)
(88)
0 of 125
(3076)
(912)
(3756)
(373)
(478)
(356)
(835)
(3821)
(539)
(661)
(228)
(308)
(1504)
(1285)
(1039)
(548)
(642)
(269)
(466)
(1290)
(627)
(322)
(1694)
(506)
(246)
(371)
(734)
(2375)
(145)
(1080)
(144)
(413)
(373)
(139)
(380)
(313)
(636)
(536)
(235)
(1420)
(232)
(210)
(647)
(173)
(1008)
(148)
(304)
(187)
(144)
(197)
(161)
(429)
(232)
(254)
(162)
(358)
(327)
(353)
(206)
(368)
(473)
(1190)
(410)
(1083)
(175)
(221)
(247)
(255)
(1390)
(147)
(1905)
(647)
(201)
(151)
(231)
(140)
(153)
(243)
(298)
(154)
(387)
(236)
(157)
(157)
(147)
(182)
(524)
(188)
(504)
(175)
(1366)
(216)
(183)
(154)
(309)
(147)
(167)
(151)
(211)
(1015)
(342)
(151)
(512)
(188)
(248)
(144)
(1206)
(159)
(147)
(1271)
(297)
(142)
(159)
(156)
(241)
(140)
(141)
(237)
(195)
(299)
(258)
(616)
(189)
(169)
(1404)
(516)
(218)
(178)
(143)
(170)
(464)
(349)
(1048)
(187)
(458)
(263)
(294)
(424)
(601)
(404)
(178)
(367)
(157)
(484)
(257)
(412)
(534)
(199)
(141)
(143)
(376)
(672)
(198)
(540)
(320)
(388)
(200)
(218)
(700)
(386)
(244)
(261)
(305)
(1295)
(271)
(184)
(253)
(176)
(142)
(163)
(141)
(172)
(189)
(358)
(519)
(1348)
(186)
(155)
(250)
(153)
(461)
(406)
(288)
(740)
(154)
(163)
(212)
(148)
(361)
(236)
(340)
(236)
(246)
(1469)
(558)
(1457)
(295)
(306)
(1657)
(251)
(723)
(141)
(865)
(397)
(1287)
(151)
(158)
(189)
(514)
(432)
(200)
(208)
(341)
(255)
(143)
(248)
(262)
(184)
(145)
(168)
(169)
(1308)
(615)
(185)
(369)
(152)
(160)
(264)
(321)
(245)
(168)
(169)
(444)
(175)
(268)
(778)
(186)
(230)
(151)
(151)
(632)
(297)
(252)
(633)
(410)
(261)
(605)
(231)
(1102)
(468)
(564)
(229)
(159)
(534)
(1125)
(1968)
(174)
(451)
(228)
(214)
(247)
(238)
(268)
(928)
(239)
(210)
(502)
(182)
(193)
(166)
(151)
(820)
(294)
(194)
(147)
(392)
(293)
(283)
(972)
(316)
(402)
(171)
(845)
(541)
(425)
(269)
(252)
(269)
(776)
(208)
(148)
(188)
(172)
(177)
(201)
(4813)
(225)
(890)
(915)
(645)
(540)
(199)
(383)
(312)
(303)
(333)
(2120)
(204)
(294)
(170)
(239)
(219)
(2593)
(3875)
(1035)
(824)
(1372)
(176)
(2034)
(163)
(201)
(212)
(150)
(241)
(256)
(558)
(683)
(1804)
(669)
(1301)
(537)
(329)
(209)
(677)
(497)
(233)
(903)
(376)
(223)
(226)
(205)
(671)
(195)
(266)
(199)
(255)
(148)
(144)
(180)
(176)
(359)
(245)
(196)
(158)
(204)
(410)
(397)
(169)
(543)
(311)
(202)
(738)
(333)
(159)
(383)
(233)
(426)
(165)
(354)
(265)
(402)
(306)
(253)
(190)
(193)
(317)
(232)
(1082)
(815)
(187)
(161)
(196)
(384)
(220)
(1802)
(532)
(569)
(618)
(466)
(1101)
(1314)
(349)
(390)
(263)
(179)
(870)
(512)
(223)
(387)
(672)
(141)
(290)
(992)
(222)
(222)
(567)
(201)
(295)
(294)
(215)
(159)
(175)
(513)
(301)
(207)
(176)
(315)
(154)
(201)
(143)
(178)
(279)
(244)
(506)
(163)
(200)
(198)
(164)
(246)
(4763)
(215)
(154)
(154)
(227)
(194)
(227)
(428)
(207)
(578)
(143)
(253)
(442)
(215)
(357)
(475)
(509)
(159)
(189)
(202)
(265)
(173)
(256)
(981)
(220)
(187)
(200)
(332)
(187)
(429)
(454)
(150)
(230)
(315)
(548)
(413)
(357)
(657)
(151)
(7105)
(4744)
(2133)
(303)
(569)
(427)
(169)
(186)
(250)
(282)
(309)
(598)
(169)
(230)
(2396)
(323)
(1063)
(170)
(815)
(433)
(323)
(156)
(318)
(228)
(262)
(149)
(235)
(158)
(213)
(140)
(167)
(162)
(279)
(254)
(297)
(145)
(156)
(757)
(518)
(436)
(795)
(1123)
(257)
(675)
(659)
(161)
(231)
(159)
(452)
(246)
(282)
(214)
(392)
(356)
(271)
(292)
(275)
(144)
(161)
(291)
(148)
(262)
(1141)
(257)
(391)
(180)
(147)
(244)
(318)
(163)
(478)
(550)
(206)
(539)
(170)
(270)
(258)
(148)
(215)
(206)
(261)
(2634)
(233)
(185)
(891)
(147)
(373)
(284)
(271)
(236)
(181)
(166)
(625)
(150)
(140)
(156)
(176)
(175)
(620)
(239)
(165)
(140)
(159)
(547)
(313)
(169)
(167)
(936)
(176)
(177)
(768)
(634)
(2617)
(225)
(996)
(159)
(2421)
(193)
(232)
(166)
(537)
(539)
(419)
(465)
(364)
(154)
(1132)
(1164)
(294)
(351)
(550)
(183)
(505)
(801)
(973)
(281)
(146)
(159)
(245)
(468)
(928)
(1535)
(758)
(274)
(457)
(317)
(347)
(1278)
(192)
(216)
(197)
(166)
(316)
(295)
(180)
(6161)
(796)
(163)
(1477)
(2241)
(1722)
(707)
(1782)
(154)
(692)
(198)
(238)
(693)
(513)
(353)
(187)
(357)
(207)
(800)
(560)
(155)
(361)
(731)
(697)
(3663)
(1986)
(1831)
(625)
(296)
(240)
(799)
(172)
(205)
(155)
(1311)
(194)
(403)
(464)
(326)
(255)
(139)
(336)
(203)
(552)
(309)
(172)
(339)
(151)
(657)
(198)
(148)
(440)
(619)
(823)
(1092)
(1727)
(378)
(449)
(489)
(581)
(349)
(154)
(147)
(212)
(181)
(173)
(177)
(166)
(382)
(329)
(790)
(244)
(147)
(2240)
(209)
(161)
(207)
(334)
(142)
(251)
(166)
(183)
(801)
(1900)
(252)
(946)
(787)
(404)
(258)
(203)
(146)
(141)
(160)
(200)
(404)
(161)
(180)
(454)
(264)
(178)
(292)
(643)
(360)
(217)
(288)
(500)
(206)
(145)
(297)
(596)
(192)
(158)
(295)
(169)
(198)
(236)
(335)
(213)
(151)
(151)
(268)
(891)
(164)
(794)
(491)
(214)
(258)
(208)
(157)
(324)
(893)
(1267)
(192)
(275)
(477)
(689)
(342)
(347)
(224)
(197)
(405)
(373)
(172)
(179)
(193)
(403)
(350)
(283)
(457)
(885)
(603)
(810)
(339)
(822)
(2800)
(195)
(143)
(149)
(465)
(284)
(152)
(893)
(239)
(1391)
(768)
(513)
(207)
(337)
(268)
(146)
(258)
(216)
(426)
(437)
(182)
(277)
(263)
(140)
(278)
(181)
(187)
(871)
(431)
(450)
(941)
(242)
(154)
(348)
(204)
(1091)
(504)
(758)
(3026)
(393)
(152)
(222)
(191)
(189)
(771)
(2281)
(3451)
(256)
(492)
(2358)
(259)
(171)
(155)
(243)
(372)
(236)
(179)
(1048)
(182)
(215)
(193)
(2899)
(310)
(2139)
(3361)
(1495)
(158)
(2430)
(1341)
(1102)
(218)
(1108)
(356)
(802)
(1381)
(452)
(351)
(325)
(1483)
(311)
(748)
(193)
(147)
(145)
(312)
(414)
(620)
(200)
(233)
(162)
(232)
(209)
(873)
(229)
(356)
(462)
(325)
(256)
(306)
(258)
(351)
(724)
(418)
(145)
(218)
(263)
(226)
(193)
(240)
(177)
(296)
(587)
(203)
(635)
(486)
(248)
(598)
(210)
(330)
(704)
(3550)
(1124)
(293)
(937)
(199)
(194)
(141)
(1849)
(156)
(1369)
(502)
(258)
(305)
(240)
(157)
(261)
(263)
(145)
(142)
(140)
(286)
(472)
(897)
(429)
(356)
(212)
(156)
(291)
(141)
(1283)
(634)
(636)
(3844)
(292)
(210)
(3683)
(927)
(332)
(460)
(594)
(246)
(429)
(160)
(455)
(1690)
(735)
(615)
(311)
(475)
(157)
(422)
(151)
(1287)
(240)
(200)
(922)
(209)
(381)
(250)
(324)
(164)
(167)
(202)
(191)
(267)
(236)
(226)
(162)
(179)
(225)
(184)
(315)
(337)
(162)
(3008)
(1918)
(1560)
(144)
(3069)
(255)
(1880)
(246)
(1782)
(3158)
(2065)
(2166)
(180)
(922)
(4198)
(953)
(374)
(201)
(472)
(173)
(508)
(1601)
(247)
(169)
(436)
(307)
(625)
(589)
(336)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
0 of 2
Showing 101 - 120 of 82777 results
  • Deadly Countertops An Urgent Need to Eliminate Silicosis Among Engineered Stone Workers
    Deadly Countertops: An Urgent Need to Eliminate Silicosis Among Engineered Stone Workers
    Cummings, Kristin J. ;
    Fazio JC
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In 1927, construction began on the Hawks Nest Tunnel in West Virginia. Celebrated initially as an important hydroelectric project, it soon became the site of one of the worst occupational disasters in U.S. history. Nearly 3,000 workers, mostly Black men who had traveled from the South looking for work, drilled through a sandstone mountain, generati ...
  • Estimating the TimeVarying Emission Rate of Peracetic Acid
    Estimating the Time-Varying Emission Rate of Peracetic Acid
    Chen C-Y ;
    Hines R
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The use of peracetic acid (PAA) as a general disinfectant has seen increasing usage in recent years, and although it is a strong irritant, exposure monitoring for PAA may often be difficult due to relatively high costs and the potential for interferences by other co-occurring chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide. These issues with exposure monitorin ...
  • Integrating Worker Health Education in Community Agencies to Address Immigrant Worker Health A Pilot Implementation Trial
    Integrating Worker Health Education in Community Agencies to Address Immigrant Worker Health: A Pilot Implementation Trial
    Herting JR ;
    Tsai JH-C
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: This pilot trial aimed to determine implementation processes and outcomes to integrate basic worker health education (WHEB) in co-ethnic, not directly worker-focused, community agencies that function as cultural-linguistic brokers and service providers to immigrants. Methods: A Chinese WHEB prototype was developed and implemented at Chin ...
  • Exposure to Ethylene Oxide and Relative Rates of Female Breast Cancer Mortality 62 Years of FollowUp in a Large US Occupational Cohort
    Exposure to Ethylene Oxide and Relative Rates of Female Breast Cancer Mortality: 62 Years of Follow-Up in a Large US Occupational Cohort
    Bertke SJ ;
    Kelly-Reif K
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a recognized carcinogen of concern in occupational and environmental settings, but evidence of cancer risks in humans remains limited. Since new EtO emission standards and mitigation measures have been proposed, further investigation of EtO cancer risks is needed to inform quantitative risk assessment. Objective: ...
    Public Domain
  • Circumstantial Factors Among Kentucky Nurse Suicide Decedents 2005 to 2019
    Circumstantial Factors Among Kentucky Nurse Suicide Decedents, 2005 to 2019
    Brown S ;
    Marfell J
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Nurse suicide, a complex occupational health concern, is urgently in need of research due to the personal and occupational suicide risk factors experienced by nurses, namely mental health problems (e.g., depression), job problems, and substance misuse. Therefore, the study aims were to determine the contextual characteristics and circum ...
  • Comparing Perceptions of Operational Inefficiencies Among Clinical Healthcare Workers by Professional Role
    Comparing Perceptions of Operational Inefficiencies Among Clinical Healthcare Workers by Professional Role
    Boitet LM ;
    Meese KA
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Operational inefficiencies remain a critical occupational burden to clinical healthcare workers, contributing to adverse organizational and employee outcomes. Perceptions of these inefficiencies likely vary across occupational roles, yet these differences have not been thoroughly explored in the healthcare setting. To address this gap, inefficienci ...
  • ThreeDimensional 3D Printing in NonIndustrial Spaces A Summary of Emissions Evaluations in 11 School Settings
    Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Non-Industrial Spaces: A Summary of Emissions Evaluations in 11 School Settings
    Glassford EK ;
    Li JF
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Additive manufacturing or 3-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology with increasing prevalence in non-industrial settings such as university and school settings. However, printers are often located in spaces not designed for this purpose. Methods: 3D-printer use in 11 university and K-12 schools was evaluated by identifying ...
    Public Domain
  • GenomeWide Association Study of Urinary Cadmium Levels in Current Smokers from the Multiethnic Cohort Study
    Genome-Wide Association Study of Urinary Cadmium Levels in Current Smokers from the Multiethnic Cohort Study
    Haiman CA ;
    Le Marchand L
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Cadmium (Cd), classified as an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Group 1 human carcinogen, is present in cigarette smoke. Recent studies have illustrated the potential role of genetics in influencing Cd biomarker levels. Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of urinary Cd levels in 1977 current sm ...
  • Rise in Lung Transplants for Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis and Silicosis
    Rise in Lung Transplants for Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis and Silicosis
    Blackley DJ ;
    Cummings, Kristin J.
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The United States is experiencing unprecedented epidemics of the most severe form of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) in coal miners and silicosis in engineered stone countertop fabricators. Over the past two decades, industry-wide surveillance of U.S. coal miners documented a sharp rise in the prevalence of CWP, concentrated in the central Appal ...
  • Health and Safety in US Chesapeake Bay Oyster Aquaculture A Qualitative Study
    Health and Safety in U.S. Chesapeake Bay Oyster Aquaculture: A Qualitative Study
    Agnew J ;
    Ceryes CA
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objectives: Aquaculture seafood production exists on every inhabited continent. Small-scale, bivalve shellfish farming is a growing industry on the East Coast of the United States. Aquaculture workers in the US experience high injury and illness rates relative to the average worker, and many small-scale aquaculture operations are exempted from nati ...
  • Adding Insult to Injury The Impact of Musculoskeletal Pain on Fishermens Sleep Patterns
    Adding Insult to Injury: The Impact of Musculoskeletal Pain on Fishermen’s Sleep Patterns
    Dzugan J ;
    Gertz K
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objectives: Commercial fishing is one of the most dangerous industries in the United States, and although injuries have been a prominent focus for research, some health and safety risk factors such as sleep are understudied. In this paper, data from a multi-modal research study of sleep patterns, lifestyle factors, occupational exposures, medical h ...
  • Assessing Fentanyl and Methamphetamine in Air and on Surfaces of Transit Vehicles
    Assessing Fentanyl and Methamphetamine in Air and on Surfaces of Transit Vehicles
    Baker MG ;
    Beaudreau M
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Recently, the misuse of fentanyl and methamphetamine has increased in the United States. These drugs can be consumed via smoking a powder, which can subsequently contaminate air and surfaces with drug residue. With limited access to safe consumption sites, this misuse often occurs in public spaces such as public transit, leading to potential second ...
  • Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Components Among Police Officers A 7 and 12Year Longitudinal Analysis
    Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Components Among Police Officers: A 7 and 12-Year Longitudinal Analysis
    Allison P ;
    Fekedulegn D
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: This study estimated risk of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and its components among police officers including differences by sex. Methods: Police officers were examined at baseline and two follow-up examinations after 7 and 12 years. MetSyn was defined using the 2005 guidelines from the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and ...
  • A SingleCamera Method for Estimating Lift Asymmetry Angles Using Deep Learning Computer Vision Algorithms
    A Single-Camera Method for Estimating Lift Asymmetry Angles Using Deep Learning Computer Vision Algorithms
    Hu YH ;
    Li Y
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A computer vision (CV) method to automatically measure the revised NIOSH lifting equation asymmetry angle (A) from a single camera is described and tested. A laboratory study involving ten participants performing various lifts was used to estimate A in comparison to ground truth joint coordinates obtained using 3-D motion capture (MoCap). To addres ...
  • Construction Worker Injuries Overdoses and Suicides
    Construction Worker Injuries, Overdoses, and Suicides
    Brooks, Raina D. ;
    Dufoe D
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This issue examines on-the-job injuries, as well as suicides and overdoses using mortality data. The construction industry is one of the most dangerous in the U.S., accounting for nearly one-fifth of all workplace deaths in 2023. Construction workers face hazards such as dangerous equipment, falls and slips, overexertion, transportation accidents, ...
  • New Mechanisms in DiisocyanateMediated AllergyToxicity Are microRNAs in Play
    New Mechanisms in Diisocyanate-Mediated Allergy/Toxicity: Are microRNAs in Play?
    Hettick JM ;
    Law, Brandon F.
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Purpose of review: To describe recent findings of diisocyanate-mediated mechanisms in allergy and toxicology by addressing the role of microRNA (miR) in immune responses that may contribute to the development of occupational asthma (OA). Recent findings: Studies of diisocyanate asthma have traditionally focused on the immune and inflammatory patter ...
    Public Domain
  • Safety Leadership Training Effectiveness Evaluation on Behavior Change Among LargeHerd US Dairy Farm Supervisors
    Safety Leadership Training Effectiveness Evaluation on Behavior Change Among Large-Herd U.S. Dairy Farm Supervisors
    Douphrate DI ;
    Hossein Javid A
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Prior research suggests leader-based interventions are considered to have a much stronger influence on worker safety behavior and climate than worker-based interventions. However, no prior research has evaluated training effectiveness of safety-specific leadership skill development for front-line supervisors on dairy farms. A tailored s ...
  • The Development of Frailty Trajectories in World Trade Center General Responders and the Association with World Trade Center Exposure
    The Development of Frailty Trajectories in World Trade Center General Responders and the Association with World Trade Center Exposure
    Bello G ;
    Colicino E
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: As the World Trade Center (WTC) General Responder Cohort ages, it is imperative to study their aging process and identify factors that can be targeted for interventions. Objectives: Our goal was to utilize a previously developed WTC Clinical Frailty Index (CFI) to identify distinct frailty trajectories and associated factors in this coh ...
  • The IFISH Innovation Exchange A Brief Update on Plans to Support Collaboration and Progress Between Conferences
    The IFISH Innovation Exchange: A Brief Update on Plans to Support Collaboration and Progress Between Conferences
    Lincoln, Jennifer M. ;
    Sorensen JA
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    For many years, the International Fishing Industry Safety and Health Conference (IFISH) has focused on highlighting research, training and advocacy work and fostering collaboration among stakeholders to foster a healthier, safer seafood industry. While prior conferences have included many opportunities for trans-disciplinary discussions and problem ...
    Public Domain
  • Evaluating Source Control Efficacy Against Exhaled Submicron Particles Total Outward Leakage of Surgical Masks and Half Facepiece Respirators Across a Spectrum of Particle Sizes
    Evaluating Source Control Efficacy Against Exhaled Submicron Particles: Total Outward Leakage of Surgical Masks and Half Facepiece Respirators Across a Spectrum of Particle Sizes
    Bergman, Michael ;
    Fisher E
    2025/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The size of airborne particles emitted from infected individuals is crucial in the transmission of respiratory viruses. The use of source control devices is essential for interrupting the transmission of exhaled submicron particles, particularly in healthcare settings with high infection risk. This study evaluated the efficacy of five types of sour ...
101 - 120 / 82777