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Haul Road Dust Control - Fugitive Dust Characteristic From Surface Mine Haul Roads And Methods Of Control

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    Surface mining operations use large off-road haul trucks extensively to move material at mining properties. Past research, using the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) emissions factors for unpaved haul roads, has shown that haul trucks generate the majority of dust emissions from surface mining sites, accounting for approximately 78%-97% of total dust emissions. Observations of dust emissions from haul trucks show that if the dust emissions are uncontrolled, they can be a safety hazard by impairing the operator’s visibility. This increases the probability for haul truck accidents (See photos above). However, the greatest long-term health hazard of dust generated from hauling operations is due to inhalation of the respirable dust [median diameter <4 micrometers (µm)] and tho­racic dust, which is equivalent to the EPA’s definition of PM10 [particulate matter with a median diameter <10 µm]. Exposure to respirable dust has long been considered a health hazard at surface mining operations, especially if silica dust is present. There are two legislative acts that regulate the air quality for mining operations: the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 and the Clean Air Act of 1970. The Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 established the limits for dust in the work place for health and safety pur­poses. The Clean Air Act of 1970 regulates air emissions from facilities from an envi­ronmental perspective.
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