Details:

Alternative Title:
Atmos Environ
Personal Author:
Armstrong, Jenna L. ; Fenske, Richard A. ; Yost, Michael G. ; Galvin, Kit ; Tchong-French, Maria ; ... More +
Armstrong, Jenna L. ; Fenske, Richard A. ; Yost, Michael G. ; Galvin, Kit ; Tchong-French, Maria ; Yu, Jianbo Less -
Description:
A number of recent toxicity studies have highlighted the increased potency of oxygen analogs (oxons) of several organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. These findings were a major concern after environmental oxons were identified in environmental samples from air and surfaces following agricultural spray applications in California and Washington State. This paper reports on the validity of oxygen analog measurements in air samples for the OP pesticide, chlorpyrifos. Controlled environmental and laboratory experiments were used to examine artificial formation of chlorpyrifos-oxon using OSHA Versatile Sampling (OVS) tubes as recommended by NIOSH method 5600. Additionally, we compared expected chlorpyrifos-oxon attributable to artificial transformation to observed chlorpyrifos-oxon in field samples from a 2008 Washington State Department of Health air monitoring study using non-parametric statistical methods. The amount of artificially transformed oxon was then modeled to determine the amount of oxon present in the environment. Toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) for chlorpyrifos-oxon were used to calculate chlorpyrifos-equivalent air concentrations. The results demonstrate that the NIOSH-recommended sampling matrix (OVS tubes with XAD-2 resin) was found to artificially transform up to 30% of chlorpyrifos to chlorpyrifos-oxon, with higher percentages at lower concentrations (< 30 ng/m3) typical of ambient or residential levels. Overall, the 2008 study data had significantly greater oxon than expected by artificial transformation, but the exact amount of environmental oxon in air remains difficult to quantify with the current sampling method. Failure to conduct laboratory analysis for chlorpyrifos-oxon may result in underestimation of total pesticide concentration when using XAD-2 resin matrices for occupational or residential sampling. Alternative methods that can accurately measure both OP pesticides and their oxygen analogs should be used for air sampling, and a toxicity equivalent factor approach should be used to determine potential health risks from exposures.
Subjects:
[+]
Air Monitoring Article Exposure Organophosphorus Pesticides Oxon Toxicity Equivalent Concentration XAD Resin
Source:
Atmos Environ. 2012; 66:145-150.
Pubmed ID:
23264748
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC3524990
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:15b62bc7e6e8badc144378a4b0f917f923c2b150193b6404e1121e90713d6014
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/52347/cdc_52347_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

• 	nihms395582.nxml	xml
  	nihms395582f1.gif	gif
  	nihms395582f1.jpg	jpeg
  	nihms395582f2.gif	gif
  	nihms395582f2.jpg	jpeg

More +