Details:

Alternative Title:
Clin Infect Dis
Personal Author:
Liu, Eugene W. ; Chastain, Holly M. ; Shin, Sun Hee ; Wiegand, Ryan E. ; Kruszon-Moran, Deanna ; ... More +
Liu, Eugene W. ; Chastain, Holly M. ; Shin, Sun Hee ; Wiegand, Ryan E. ; Kruszon-Moran, Deanna ; Handali, Sukwan ; Jones, Jeffrey L. Less -
Description:
Background

Toxocariasis results from infection with larval stages of a dog and cat intestinal nematode and causes human morbidity. The current US estimate of Toxocara exposure is 13.9% (NHANES III 1988–1994).

Methods

We used a multiplex bead based assay (Tc-CTL-1MBA) with purified Toxocara canis antigen to estimate Toxocara antibody seroprevalence in serum of 13,509 persons six years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011–2014 and identified seropositivity risk factors. We tested a subset of 500 samples with the T. canis enzyme immunoassay used in NHANES III to estimate prior seroprevalence had samples from NHANES III been tested by Tc-CTL-1MBA.

Results

The age standardized estimate of Toxocara seroprevalence was 5.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2%–5.8%), lower than previously reported even adjusting for increased Tc-CTL-1MBA specificity. Risk factors for seropositivity from multiple logistic regression were older age (odds ratio [OR], 2.1; 95%CI, 1.1–3.9 in persons 50–59 years old; OR, 1.7; 95%CI, 1.0–2.8 in persons 60–69; and OR, 2.6; 95%CI, 1.5–4.7 in persons ≥70 versus persons 6–11), non-Hispanic Black race/Hispanic origin (OR, 1.4; 95%CI, 1.0–2.0) versus non-Hispanic White, male sex (OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.6–2.2), living below poverty level (OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.4–2.6), households with ≥0.5 persons per room (OR, 1.3; 95%CI, 1.0–1.6), less than college education (OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.5–2.4), and birth outside the United States (OR, 3.6; 95%CI, 2.6–5.1).

Conclusions

Toxocara seroprevalence estimates in 2011–14 were lower than in a study from NHANES III, 1988–94, but seropositivity risk factors remained the same and should continue to be the focus of prevention efforts.


Subjects:
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Antibodies Article Seroprevalence Toxocara Canis Toxocara Cati United States
Source:
Clin Infect Dis. 66(2):206-212
Pubmed ID:
29020386
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5806997
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:b91c69c8cb20c1f147d53e5a30076abd373cd8b1a491af2e96d48f14827cb20b
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/51667/cdc_51667_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

• 	NIHMS933103-supplement-Supplemental_Data.docx	docx
  	nihms933103.nxml	xml

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