Details:

Alternative Title:
Open Forum Infect Dis
Personal Author:
Tsay, Sharon ; Benedict, Kaitlin ; Beldavs, Zintars G. ; Farley, Monica M. ; Harrison, Lee H. ; ... More +
Tsay, Sharon ; Benedict, Kaitlin ; Beldavs, Zintars G. ; Farley, Monica M. ; Harrison, Lee H. ; Schaffner, William ; Gerth, Taryn ; Chiller, Tom ; Vallabhaneni, Snigdha Less -
Description:
Background

Candidemia and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are two common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and share risk factors such as antibiotic use and prolonged hospitalization. CDI and CDI treatment disrupt gut microbial diversity, allowing Candida overgrowth and translocation to the bloodstream. We describe CDI co-infection among patients with candidemia.

Methods

Population-based surveillance for candidemia was conducted through CDC’s Emerging Infections Program during 2014–2016. A case of candidemia was defined as a blood culture positive for Candida species collected from a surveillance area resident. Demographic and medical information, including occurrence of CDI was collected. We defined co-infection as CDI within 90 days of candidemia and performed bivariable analysis to assess factors associated with co-infection.

Results

Among 2129 cases of candidemia, 190 (9%) had CDI co-infection; 116 (5%) had CDI in the 90 days before candidemia (median: 10 days) and 60 (3%) had CDI following candidemia (median: 8 days). The median age of those with CDI-candidemia co-infection was 61 years and 100 (53%) were male. Compared with candidemia alone, the odds of CDI-candidemia co-infection was significantly greater for patients of black race (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.05–1.90), those with diabetes (OR 1.68, 1.24–2.27), pancreatitis (OR 1.91, 1.01–3.61), or solid organ transplant (OR 4.15, 2.09–8.22). Those with co-infection had higher odds of certain healthcare exposures: hemodialysis (OR 2.27, 1.57–3.28), hospital stay in the past 90 days (OR 1.9, 1.37–2.64), ICU admission in the past 14 days (OR 1.78, 1.20–2.66), and central venous catheter (CVC) at the time of candidemia (OR 1.71, 1.19–2.46). There were no significant differences in 30-day mortality or in type of Candida species, although C. parapsilosis was less common in the co-infection group (8% vs. 13%).

Conclusion

Nearly one in ten patients with candidemia also had CDI co-infection. Black race, certain underlying conditions, hemodialysis, previous hospitalization, ICU stay, and the presence of a CVC were associated with co-infection. Clinicians should be vigilant for coinfection of CDI and candidemia, particularly in situations with associated risk factors.

Disclosures

W. Schaffner, Pfizer: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Merck: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Novavax: Consultant, Consulting fee; Dynavax: Consultant, Consulting fee; Sanofi-pasteur: Consultant, Consulting fee; GSK: Consultant, Consulting fee; Seqirus: Consultant, Consulting fee


Subjects:
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Abstracts
Source:
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017; 4(Suppl 1):S55.
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5632041
Document Type:
Journal Article
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:e59295aadfcfa80b9865cbd37dec4b073a768ae8656ebfa8fa06a2d702cc7475
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/51212/cdc_51212_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

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