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Nested Case-Control Study: Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk After Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance
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Apr 08 2016
Source: Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 43(11):1197-1207. -
Alternative Title:Aliment Pharmacol Ther
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Personal Author:
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Description:Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk after resolving chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is unclear.
Aim
To compare HCC risk between Alaska Native (AN) patients with and without hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance.
Methods
We selected persons with (case-patients) and without (control-patients) HBsAg seroclearance from a cohort of 1,346 chronically HBV-infected AN patients followed during 1982–2013. We attempted to match 2 control-patients/case-patient on sex, HBV genotype, and age. Person-years of follow-up for case-patients began on the date of HBsAg resolution and for control-patients began on the date equivalent to the cohort entry date plus the years of HBsAg duration for their corresponding case-patient. We compared HCC risk using a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
The 238 case-patients (4 with HCC) and 435 control-patients (9 with HCC) were similar in age (p-value [p]: 0.30), sex (p: 0.53) and HBV genotype (p: 0.99). Case-patients had longer person-years of follow-up than control patients (11.7 versus 10.1 years; p: 0.04). The HCC rate/100,000 persons was similar between case- (132) and control-patients (178; p: 0.65). The adjusted hazard ratio comparing case- and control-patients was similar for HCC (0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2–2.4), increased for each 1-year increment for age (1.1; CI: 1.0–1.1; p <0.01), and was greater if the initial HBeAg was positive (3.5; CI: 1.1–11.0; p: 0.03).
Conclusions
HBsAg seroclearance was not associated with reduced HCC risk; the HCC risk estimates are limited by wide CIs. Persons meeting HCC surveillance indications prior to HBsAg seroclearance could benefit from continued surveillance after seroclearance.
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Pubmed ID:27061300
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC5053330
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