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Menu of state healthcare facility pertussis vaccinations laws
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April 21, 2016
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Description:This menu is one of a series of menus assessing vaccination requirements for patients and healthcare workers in healthcare facilities. To reduce the risk of disease transmission and outbreaks, healthcare facilities across the country are increasingly requiring healthcare workers to be vaccinated for certain vaccine-preventable diseases. In some instances, facilities are establishing these requirements under mandates set forth by state statutes or regulations. Depending on the vaccine, the legal requirements might apply to either patients, healthcare workers, or both, and can include the following types of provisions:
• Assessment Requirements: Requiring a healthcare facility to assess a healthcare worker or patient’s vaccination status
• Administrative Requirements for Offering Vaccination: Requiring a healthcare facility to offer a vaccination to a healthcare worker or patient
• Administrative Requirements for Ensuring Vaccination: Requiring a healthcare facility to ensure that a healthcare worker or patient has been vaccinated unless vaccination is specifically exempted or declined
Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a respiratory illness caused by Bordetella pertussis bacteria. Pertussis is a contagious disease most often spread through coughing and sneezing. Newborn infants are at the greatest risk for serious disease and death from pertussis infection. In healthcare settings, the frequency and closeness of patient contact potentially puts healthcare workers at risk for both acquiring pertussis and transmitting it,8and costs associated with pertussis in healthcare settings can be high. Encouraging or requiring the tetanus-diphtheria-acelluar pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is one method of preventing pertussis in healthcare workers.
This document was developed by Michele N. Nakata, BA, JD Candidate 2017, University of Hawaii, Dawn Pepin, JD, MPH, Carter Consulting, Inc., contractor, and Aila Hoss, JD, Carter Consulting, Inc., contractor, with the Public Health Law Program (PHLP) within CDC’s Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support. This document was produced in collaboration with CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases.
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