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Seasonal Variation of 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D among non-Hispanic Black and White Pregnant Women from Three U.S. Pregnancy Cohorts
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Dec 20 2013
Source: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 28(2):166-176
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Alternative Title:Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol
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Description:Background
Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. We evaluated seasonal variation of 25(OH)D among pregnant women, focusing on patterns and determinants of variation.
Methods
Data came from three cohort studies in the US that included 2,583 non-Hispanic Black and White women having prenatal 25(OH)D concentrations determined. Fourier time series and generalised linear models were used to estimate the magnitude of 25(OH)D seasonality. We modelled seasonal variability using a stationary cosinor model to estimate the phase shift, peak-trough difference, and annual mean of 25(OH)D.
Results
We observed a peak for 25(OH)D in summer, a nadir in winter, and a phase of 8 months, which resulted from fluctuations in 25(OH)D3 rather than 25(OH)D2. After adjustment for covariates, the annual mean concentrations and estimated peak–trough difference of 25(OH)D among Black women were 19.8 ng/mL (95% CI 18.9, 20.5), and 5.8 ng/mL (95% CI 4.7, 6.7), and for non-Hispanic White women, 33.0 ng/mL (95% CI 32.6, 33.4) and 7.4 ng/mL (95% CI 6.0, 8.9).
Conclusions
Non-Hispanic Black women had lower average 25(OH)D concentrations throughout the year and smaller seasonal variation levels than non-Hispanic White women. This study's confirmation of 25(OH)D seasonality over a calendar year, has the potential to enhance public health interventions targeted to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes.
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Pubmed ID:24354847
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC3946392
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