Acute toxicity of fly ash collected from a municipal incinerator burning trash.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Alarie Y ; Iwasaki M ; Lisk DJ ; Pearson RC ; Stock M
• Description:
  The acute toxicity of incinerator fly ash was studied in guinea- pigs. Fly ash collected from a municipal incinerator was analyzed for cadmium (7440439), lead (7439921), mercury (7439976), zinc (7440666), and carbon (7440440). Eight Hartley-guinea-pigs were exposed to the fly ash at concentrations of 314 milligrams per cubic meter in a specially designed inhalation chamber 6 hours/day for 5 consecutive days. Before and after each exposure and at selected times up to 50 days post exposure, tidal volume (VT) and respiration frequency were measured before or after carbon-dioxide challenge. The guinea-pigs were killed on day 50 post exposure. The mean concentrations of cadmium, lead, mercury, zinc, and carbon in the fly ash sample were 477, 2134, 25, and 14301 parts per million and 7.34%, respectively. The concentrations of cadmium, lead, zinc, and mercury in the lungs from the exposed animals were significantly elevated. VT was not significantly by flyash exposure. Respiratory frequency was decreased. Both VT and respiratory frequency in fly ash exposed animals were decreased by carbon-dioxide challenge. Both parameters tended to recover to the control values during the post exposure period. Moderate to severe pneumoconiosis characterized by an interstitial macrophage reaction, thickening of alveolar septa, and moderate constriction of the airways accompanied by smooth muscle hypertrophy were seen in fly ash exposed guinea- pigs. The authors conclude that the tested fly ash is not very potent for inducing an acute pulmonary effect. The delayed histopathological changes seen are suggestive of possible chronic obstructive lung disease.
• Subjects:
  Accidents, Occupational Air Pollutants, Occupational Carcinogens Inhalation Exposure Liver Neoplasms Occupational Health Safety Skin Urogenital Diseases Urogenital System

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• Keywords:
  Acute Toxicity Fly Ash Heavy Metals Histopathology Inhalation Studies In Vivo Studies Laboratory Animals Lung Tissue Pulmonary Function Tests
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Conference/Symposia Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  913-914
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00198678
• Citation:
  Proceedings of the VIIth International Pneumoconioses Conference, August 23-26, 1988, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 90-108, 1990 Nov; (Part II):913-914
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cadmium (CAS RN 7440-43-9) ; Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1) ; Mercury (CAS RN 7439-97-6) ; Zinc (CAS RN 7440-66-6) ; Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1991
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Part Number:
  II
• Source Full Name:
  Proceedings of the VIIth International Pneumoconioses Conference, August 23-26, 1988, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:487a6bbbf1fb75bc5cd0777fac445543f201d781ef990d37a554a82e26a71835c4b83b46fff0e5244f1c7619e9a6b6a7a7cbc8073b4484bbd6fb204dabf54ca4
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/180593/cdc_180593_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 93.06 KB ]