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Laboratory methods for the diagnosis of meningitis caused by neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenza : WHO manual. 2nd ed.
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01 DEC 2011
[PDF-4.45 MB]
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Alternative Title:WHO meningitis manual
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Description:"The first edition has the WHO reference WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.7: Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae, http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1999/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99.7.pdf"
"In 1999, the World Health Organization published the first edition of 'Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Meningitis Caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.' That manual aimed to provide laboratories with a clear, concise guide to the basic procedures for isolating and identifying N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae from the blood or cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis. The focus was on including laboratory procedures chosen for their utility, ease of performance, and ability to give reproducible results; while taking into account the diversity of laboratory capabilities, availability of materials and reagents, and their cost. Since its publication, that manual has been widely adopted by laboratories worldwide. In the twelve years since the first edition of this manual, important changes have occurred both in the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis and in the available laboratory techniques for isolating, identifying, and characterizing the causative organism. In recent years, great progress has been made in increasing worldwide access to vaccines to prevent meningococcal, pneumococcal, and H. influenzae type b (Hib) disease. Most recently, the historic development and implementation of a new meningococcal conjugate vaccine for serogroup A has the potential to eliminate epidemic meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa. Surveillance for diseases caused by infectious agents that are targeted by newer vaccines will likely require a syndromic approach. Patients diagnosed with meningitis syndrome may all exhibit similar symptoms (i.e., fever, headache, stiff neck) but each individual's disease could be caused by a variety of organisms, including the bacterial meningitis pathogens N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae. Hence, clinical syndromic surveillance must be complemented by a strong laboratory component to allow for diagnostic confirmation of the specific disease agent. Laboratory networks supporting surveillance, such as the Invasive Bacterial Vaccine Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) Surveillance Network and Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR), have helped to improve data quality to expedite and sustain evidence-informed decisions at the global, regional, and national levels. These developments prompted a revision of the manual to produce this second edition. The revision follows the format of the first edition, but has been expanded to include Results Management and Reporting of Data (Chapter 3); Biosafety (Chapter 4); PCR for Detection and Characterization of Bacterial Meningitis Pathogens (Chapter 10); Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (Chapter 11); Characterization by Molecular Typing Methods (Chapter 12); and Quality Control/Quality Assurance (Chapter 13). " --p. 1-2
"Publication date: 01 DEC 2011."
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Content Notes:"WHO/IVB/11.09."
"CS226509-A."
2011 WHO meningitis manual authors: Dana Castillo, Brian Harcourt, Cynthia Hatcher, Michael Jackson, Lee Katz, Raydel Mair, Leonard Mayer, Ryan Novak, Lila Rahalison, Susanna Schmink, M. Jordan Theodore, Jennifer Thomas, Jeni Vuong, Xin Wang, Lesley Mcgee, Dominique A. Caugant, Susanne Chanteau, Sébastien Cognat, Pierre Nicolas.
Available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (4.45 MB, 323 p.).
Includes bibliographical references.
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