Autism After Infection, Febrile Episodes, and Antibiotic Use During Pregnancy: An Exploratory Study

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Pediatrics
• Personal Author:
  Atladóttir, Hjördis Ósk ; Henriksen, Tine Brink ; Schendel, Diana E. ; Parner, Erik T.
• Description:
  OBJECTIVES
  
  Results of animal studies suggest that maternal immune activation during pregnancy causes deficiencies in fetal neurodevelopment. Infectious disease is the most common path to maternal immune activation during pregnancy. The goal of this study was to determine the occurrence of common infections, febrile episodes, and use of antibiotics reported by the mother during pregnancy and the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and infantile autism in the offspring.
  
  METHODS
  
  We used a population-based cohort consisting of 96 736 children aged 8 to 14 years and born from 1997 to 2003 in Denmark. Information on infection, febrile episodes, and use of antibiotics was self-reported through telephone interviews during pregnancy and early postpartum. Diagnoses of ASD and infantile autism were retrieved from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register; 976 children (1%) from the cohort were diagnosed with ASD.
  
  RESULTS
  
  Overall, we found little evidence that various types of mild common infectious diseases or febrile episodes during pregnancy were associated with ASD/infantile autism. However, our data suggest that maternal influenza infection was associated with a twofold increased risk of infantile autism, prolonged episodes of fever caused a threefold increased risk of infantile autism, and use of various antibiotics during pregnancy were potential risk factors for ASD/infantile autism.
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  
  Our results do not suggest that mild infections, febrile episodes, or use of antibiotics during pregnancy are strong risk factors for ASD/infantile autism. The results may be due to multiple testing; the few positive findings are potential chance findings.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Anti-Bacterial Agents Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Cohort Studies Female Fever Of Unknown Origin Humans Immunity, Active Infant, Newborn Influenza, Human Male Postpartum Period Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Risk Factors

  More +
• Source:
  Pediatrics. 2012; 130(6):e1447-e1454.
• Pubmed ID:
  23147969
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4451062
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  130
• Issue:
  6
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:2aab78e7c6db3d79148fd6a0db573593215240a6f531e6d945ffad9ae401aff16da49cc67bfdbbe5e720675ad3a9537ff680f916dc09b9eb1eef3aa0b03267a0
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/33759/cdc_33759_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 314.64 KB ]