HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 2001

Details

• Alternative Title:
  HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report; Mid-year Edition, Vol. 13, No. 1: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 2001
• Corporate Authors:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ; National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch
• Description:
  Commentary: This report includes new tables which present trends in estimated annual AIDS incidence from 1996 through 2000, by U.S. region, race/ethnicity, and exposure category (tables 22-24). The number of estimated AIDS cases diagnosed annually declined substantially from 1996 through 1999, but the rate of decline slowed during 1999 and 2000. The number of AIDS cases diagnosed in 2000 was 1.4% lower than that in 1999. From 1999 to 2000, changes in estimated AIDS incidence varied slightly by region (table 22), and race/ethnicity (table 23), and varied more by exposure category (table 24). The leveling in overall AIDS incidence is occurring as the composition of the epidemic is changing. AIDS incidence declined in most populations but increases were observed in some groups, notably women and persons infected through heterosexual contact. Fluctuations in some categories that have small numbers of AIDS cases reflect uncertainties in the estimation procedure rather than changing trends in AIDS incidence.
  
  From 1999 to 2000, the number of estimated deaths among persons with AIDS declined 11%; this decline, however, was less than that observed from 1996 to 1997 (42%) (table 28) when the widespread introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) had its greatest impact. Declines in the estimated number of deaths among adults and adolescents with AIDS occurred in virtually all categories by region (table 28), race/ethnicity (table 29), and expo-sure category (table 30). Declines in deaths, which have been attributed in part to the impact of HAART, also reflect declines in AIDS incidence which in turn reflect both underlying trends in new HIV infections as well as delays in disease progression among HIV infected persons who are receiving treatment. Other factors associated with the slowing of declines in deaths from 1999 to 2000 compared with those previously observed may include delayed test seeking among certain populations, limited access to or use of health care services, and limitations of current therapies among persons in care.
  
  From 1999 to 2000, the estimated number of per-sons living with AIDS increased 7.9% (table 25). CDC estimates that about 339,000 persons were living with AIDS as of December 2000: 41% were black, 38% were white, 20% were Hispanic, 1% were Asian/Pacific Islander, and <1% were American Indian/Alaska Native (table 26). Most (99%) persons living with AIDS were adults; and among adults, most (79%) were men. These prevalence data are useful for allocating resources and planning services required to meet the continuing social and medical needs of people living with AIDS.
  
  Numbers and proportions of AIDS cases are presented by year of report and also by year of diagnosis in this and previous reports. Characteristics of cases presented by year of report are useful to health department personnel in targeting their surveillance and public health efforts to appropriate facilities and populations to promote complete and timely case reporting. Tables that present cases by year of report represent the most up-to-date information reported to CDC; however, cases by year of report do not represent incident cases or the most recent diagnoses or deaths. That is, because of delays in reporting, not all cases diagnosed in the most recent 12 months will have been reported by the end of the reporting period. In addition, because information on mode of HIV expo-sure is frequently not available when a case is initially reported, the exposure mode for a larger proportion of the more recently reported cases is classified as “risk not reported or identified.” To characterize trends in incidence, deaths, and prevalence, data by year of diagnosis or year of death may be statistically adjusted to account for delays in reporting and the anticipated reclassification of exposure mode for cases initially re-ported without risk. Both reporting delay adjustment and risk redistribution apply observed reporting pat-terns to inform the statistical adjustments. A lapse of at least two reporting quarters is required before the data can be adjusted. Therefore, this report includes cases reported to CDC through June 2001 and presents estimated AIDS incidence trends through December 2000 (see Technical Notes). To draw conclusions about trends in the epidemic, readers of this report are encouraged to use tables that present trends by year of diagnosis, year of death, or year-end prevalence (tables 22-30).
  
  Because appropriate use of antiretroviral therapy delays progression of HIV infection to AIDS, AIDS surveillance data alone are no longer sufficient for monitoring trends in HIV incidence, or for meeting federal, state, or local data needs for planning and allocating resources for HIV prevention and care programs. In regard to a nationwide integrated HIV/AIDS case surveillance system, as of July 2001, 34 states, the Virgin Islands, and Guam had implemented confidential HIV reporting of cases among adults and adolescents or among children and had reported cases without personal identifiers to CDC (table 3 and Technical Notes). Other states had implemented alternative forms of HIV reporting (e.g., coded identifiers instead of patient names); the remaining states, the District of Columbia and other territories were considering implementation (see Technical Notes for more detailed information).
  
  
• Content Notes:
  Publication date approximated.
• Subjects:
  Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Epidemiology Data Interpretation, Statistical Epidemics Epidemiological Monitoring HIV Public Health Surveillance Statistics Tables
• Keywords:
  DHP_HIV_Reports
• Series:
  HIV Surveillance Report
• Subseries:
  HIVSR
• Publisher:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.)
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Statistics ; Report
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Rights:
  Public Domain
• CIO:
  National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP)
• Division:
  DHPSE - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology
• Topic:
  Diseases & Conditions
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  41 pdf pages
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  1
• Citation:
  Suggested Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2001;13(No. 1):[inclusive page numbers].
• Collection(s):
  Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:550680292ffc0c86d859cbf59de5aebf01dbb09c2d05e77f228a55e60a6a5c6e8a3ae6e6719754f3974550a9579435735e8c614e9b6e4e7717ad175daa6ead5d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/149078/cdc_149078_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.09 MB ]